Important Revolts and Movements

The trials of Indian National Army (INA) officers—Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal, and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon—were held at the Red Fort in Delhi in 1945. Therefore, Red Fort is the correct answer. Agra Fort is important in Mughal history, but it was not the venue of the INA trials. Exam tip: link INA trials with Red Fort, 1945, and the three officers.

Bombay was a major centre of the Royal Indian Navy revolt. Exam tip: remember 1946 with Bombay.

Vaikom Satyagraha was linked with protest against caste discrimination on public roads. Exam tip: remember social equality.

Gaura Devi was linked with women's leadership in the Chipko Movement. Exam tip: remember Chipko and women's participation.

Medha Patkar is a major activist of Narmada Bachao Andolan. Exam tip: remember movement and activist match.

The Bhoodan Movement was a voluntary land-gift movement associated mainly with Acharya Vinoba Bhave. It appealed to landowners to donate a part of their land so that landless villagers could receive opportunities to cultivate land and improve their livelihood. The idea emphasized peaceful social change, voluntary sharing, and concern for rural inequality rather than compulsory seizure of property.

Option B is correct because “Bhoodan” literally means “land donation”: “bhoo” refers to land and “daan” means donation. Money, clothes, or salt donations do not define this movement. The movement began in the context of seeking land for people without land, so the answer connects both its name and its central social purpose. The supplied answer is therefore accurate.

The All India Kisan Sabha was founded in 1936. Exam tip: remember peasant movements with peasant organisations.

Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was the first president of All India Kisan Sabha. Exam tip: remember the match of peasant leader and organisation.

The Anti-Arrack Movement became famous in Andhra Pradesh as an anti-liquor people's movement. Exam tip: remember women's role.

The Silent Valley Movement was linked with environment and forest protection. Exam tip: remember Kerala with environmental movement.

The Appiko Movement was linked with forest protection in Karnataka. Exam tip: remember both Chipko and Appiko as environmental movements.

Amrita Devi Bishnoi is remembered for her sacrifice to protect trees. Exam tip: remember Bishnoi tradition and environmental protection.

Anandamath presents the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion. Exam tip: remember the link between literature and movement.

The Chuar Rebellion was linked with local rural and tribal discontent. Exam tip: remember the Jungle Mahal region.

The Kol Rebellion was linked with land and administrative interference. Exam tip: understand causes of tribal revolts.

The Santhal Rebellion began in 1855 in the Damin-i-koh region of present-day Jharkhand. Led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu, it was directed against exploitation by zamindars, moneylenders, and the British administration. Although 1857 is another major date, it refers to the wider Indian Revolt, not the Santhal Rebellion. Exam tip: remember Santhal Hul—Sidhu and Kanhu—1855 together.

The word Ulgulan is remembered as a great uprising. Exam tip: remember Birsa Munda with Ulgulan.

Birsa Munda was linked with both religious inspiration and tribal leadership. Exam tip: keep him at the centre of the Munda movement.

Paikas were linked with the traditional soldier class of Odisha. Exam tip: remember Paika with Bakshi Jagabandhu.

The Vellore Mutiny was linked with military discontent. Exam tip: remember it as a military revolt before 1857.