Important Revolts and Movements

Deccan Riots were linked with peasant debt and moneylenders. Exam tip: remember the problem of peasant debt.

The Moplah Rebellion took place in 1921 in Malabar region. Exam tip: remember year and region together.

Champaran Satyagraha (1917) is regarded as Gandhi's first major Satyagraha movement in India. It addressed the grievances of indigo cultivators in Champaran, Bihar. The Non-Cooperation Movement began later, in 1920, so it cannot be the answer. Exam tip: remember Gandhi's early Indian movements as Champaran—1917, Kheda—1918, and Ahmedabad mill strike—1918.

In Kheda peasants were unable to pay revenue due to crop failure. Exam tip: remember the reason for tax relief.

Ahmedabad Satyagraha was linked with wages of mill workers. Exam tip: remember Gandhi's three early movements separately.

The Bardoli Satyagraha took place in 1928 in Bardoli taluka, Gujarat. It was led by Vallabhbhai Patel against an increase in land revenue assessment. 1917 is associated with the Champaran Satyagraha, so it is a close but incorrect option. Exam tip: remember the sequence Bardoli—1928—Vallabhbhai Patel—revenue increase.

The Non-Cooperation Movement is considered to have started in 1920. Exam tip: remember its link with Khilafat Movement.

Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali were linked with Khilafat Movement. Exam tip: remember Ali Brothers and Non-Cooperation.

Chauri Chaura is linked with the Gorakhpur region of present Uttar Pradesh. Exam tip: remember withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement.

Lala Lajpat Rai was injured in a lathi charge and later died. Exam tip: remember Simon protest and Lahore.

Both were associated with the Central Legislative Assembly bomb case. Exam tip: connect revolutionary events with leaders.

HSRA was an organisation of revolutionary youth. Exam tip: remember Bhagat Singh with HSRA.

Surya Sen was a leading revolutionary associated with the Chittagong Armoury Raid and was respectfully known as ‘Masterda’. He was a schoolteacher, which gave rise to the title ‘Master’. ‘Lokmanya’ refers to Bal Gangadhar Tilak, ‘Frontier Gandhi’ to Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, and ‘Gurudev’ to Rabindranath Tagore. Exam tip: learn famous leaders’ epithets together with their movements.

Khudai Khidmatgar was linked with the North-West Frontier region. Exam tip: remember Frontier Gandhi.

Dandi is the correct answer. Mahatma Gandhi began the Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram on 12 March 1930 and broke the British salt law by making salt at the Dandi seashore on 6 April 1930. Champaran was associated with the 1917 peasant satyagraha, whereas Kakori was linked to a revolutionary action. Exam tip: remember Dandi March, Salt Satyagraha, and 1930 together.

Dharasana Satyagraha was linked with salt works and protest against Salt Law. Exam tip: remember events after Dandi.

Usha Mehta became famous during the Quit India Movement for helping operate the secret Congress Radio in 1942. When the colonial government censored newspapers and arrested many national leaders, underground workers used radio communication to spread news, messages, and encouragement. The secret broadcasts helped people remain informed and connected with the continuing resistance despite official restrictions.

Option A is correct because Usha Mehta’s name is closely linked with this underground radio service. Making salt at Dandi belongs to the Civil Disobedience Movement, stopping the Kakori train belongs to a revolutionary action of 1925, and protecting trees in Chipko belongs to a much later environmental movement. These chronological and factual differences rule out the other options.

Tamluk Jatiya Sarkar was formed in Bengal region during Quit India Movement. Exam tip: remember parallel governments.

The parallel government of Ballia was linked with the Quit India Movement of 1942. Exam tip: remember Ballia and Satara.

Prati Sarkar was an example of local parallel rule in Quit India Movement. Exam tip: remember local initiatives of 1942.