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What is the factorised form of 125x³ − y³?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (5x − y)(25x² + 5xy + y²)

The correct answer is A: (5x − y)(25x² + 5xy + y²). First recognise 125x³ as (5x)³. The expression is therefore (5x)³ − y³, a difference of cubes. Use u³ − v³ = (u − v)(u² + uv + v²), taking u = 5x and v = y. Then u² = 25x², uv = 5xy, and v² = y², giving (5x − y)(25x² + 5xy + y²). Option B corresponds to a sum of cubes because its first factor is 5x + y. Option C uses 125x rather than the cube root 5x and has the wrong structure. Option D has a negative mixed term; that sign belongs to the sum-of-cubes identity, not the difference-of-cubes identity. Multiplication of option A shows the mixed terms cancel, leaving exactly 125x³ − y³.

Related tags

Difference Of CubesSubstitutionPolynomial FactorisationFactorisationExploring Algebraic IdentitiesMathematicsClass 9 Mcq

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