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If x² + 12x + 36 is read through a complete-square model, what is the side of the small square?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 6

The direct answer is C: the side of the small square is 6. In a complete-square or area model, x² + 12x + 36 can be compared with x² + 2rx + r². Since 2r = 12, r = 6; also, r² = 36 confirms the result. Algebraically, x² + 12x + 36 = x² + 2(6)x + 6² = (x + 6)². In the visual model, x² represents the large square, the two rectangular parts together represent 12x, and the small corner square has area 36. A square with area 36 has side √36 = 6, taking the positive length. Option A, 12, is the coefficient of x in the middle term, not the side. Option B, 36, is the area of the small square, not its side. Option C is correct because 6² = 36 and 2·6x = 12x. Option D, 3, would produce area 9 and middle term 6x, so it cannot represent the given expression. Memory cue: in x² + 2rx + r², the small-square side is r, the square root of the final term.

Related tags

Complete SquareVisual IdentitiesVisual Models Of IdentitiesExploring Algebraic IdentitiesMathematics

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