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A square board has side (x+4). A central square of side (x−4) is left empty. What is the border area?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 16x, the complete border

The direct answer is B: 16x. The border is the outer square minus the empty inner square. Its area is (x+4)²−(x−4)². Use U²−V²=(U−V)(U+V), with U=x+4 and V=x−4. Then U−V=8 and U+V=2x, so the border area is 8·2x=16x. A is only half this result. C is an unsimplified product-related expression and does not equal the border area; in fact x²−16 is the product (x+4)(x−4). D is a constant and cannot represent the changing border area. For actual positive side lengths, one normally needs x>4. Memory cue: outer square minus inner square, then use difference of squares.

Related tags

Border ModelSquare DifferenceVisual AreaArea IdentitiesVisual Models Of IdentitiesExploring Algebraic IdentitiesMathematicsClass 9 Mcq

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