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By observing a square of side \(x+3\), what is the expansion of \((x+3)^2\)?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: \(x^2+6x+9\)

The correct answer is B, \(x^2+6x+9\). A square with side \(x+3\) has area \((x+3)^2\). In its area model, the parts are an \(x\) by \(x\) square of area \(x^2\), two rectangles of dimensions \(x\) and 3, each having area \(3x\), and a 3 by 3 square of area 9. Adding them gives \(x^2+3x+3x+9=x^2+6x+9\). Option A counts only one of the two \(3x\) rectangles. Option C has the correct constant term but the wrong sign for the middle term; a plus inside the bracket produces a plus middle term. Option D places the coefficients incorrectly and does not follow the identity. Use \((a+b)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2\) with \(a=x\), \(b=3\): the middle term is \(2\times x\times3=6x\).

Related tags

Visual ModelIdentity ExpansionBinomial SquareArea ModelClass 9 MathematicsVisual Models Of IdentitiesExploring Algebraic IdentitiesMathematics

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