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A student claims that 49p² − 70pq + 25q² = (7p − 5q)(7p + 5q). What is the error in the factorisation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It is a perfect-square trinomial; the correct factorisation is (7p − 5q)².

The direct answer is A. Start with the identity (a − b)² = a² − 2ab + b². Here a = 7p and b = 5q. Therefore, (7p − 5q)² = (7p)² − 2(7p)(5q) + (5q)² = 49p² − 70pq + 25q², exactly the given trinomial. The student incorrectly used the difference-of-squares pattern (a − b)(a + b). Expanding that product gives a² − b², because the two cross terms cancel: (7p − 5q)(7p + 5q) = 49p² − 25q². It has no middle term, so it cannot equal the given expression. Option B is wrong because the proposed product omits −70pq. Option C changes the sign of the middle term; (7p + 5q)² would contain +70pq. Option D is wrong because 25q² is already a square, namely (5q)². Memory cue: in a perfect square trinomial, the middle term is ±2 times the two square roots.

Related tags

Perfect Square TrinomialAlgebraic IdentitiesError AnalysisFactorisationExploring Algebraic IdentitiesMathematicsClass 9 Mcq

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