The Constitution of 1791 limited the king's power. In exams call it constitutional monarchy.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. संवैधानिक राजतंत्र / Constitutional monarchy. The Constitution of 1791 limited the king's power. In exams call it constitutional monarchy.
Step 3
Exam Tip
1791 के संविधान ने राजा की शक्ति सीमित की। परीक्षा में इसे संवैधानिक राजतंत्र कहें।
C. विधायिका कार्यपालिका और न्यायपालिका/Legislature executive and judiciary
Step 1
Concept
The constitution divided power into three organs. This was a way to check absolute power.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. विधायिका कार्यपालिका और न्यायपालिका / Legislature executive and judiciary. The constitution divided power into three organs. This was a way to check absolute power.
Step 3
Exam Tip
संविधान ने सत्ता को तीन अंगों में बांटा। यह निरंकुश शक्ति को रोकने का तरीका था।
Voting rights were given only to active citizens. Remember the difference between active and passive citizens.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. सक्रिय नागरिकों को / Active citizens. Voting rights were given only to active citizens. Remember the difference between active and passive citizens.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मतदान अधिकार केवल सक्रिय नागरिकों को मिला। परीक्षा में सक्रिय और निष्क्रिय नागरिक का अंतर याद रखें।
B. महिलाओं और मतदान अधिकार से वंचित पुरुषों को/Women and men without voting rights
Step 1
Concept
Those who did not get the vote were called passive citizens. This shows the limit of the constitution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. महिलाओं और मतदान अधिकार से वंचित पुरुषों को / Women and men without voting rights. Those who did not get the vote were called passive citizens. This shows the limit of the constitution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
जिन्हें वोट नहीं मिला वे निष्क्रिय नागरिक कहलाए। यह संविधान की सीमा दिखाता है।
The Constitution of 1791 began with the Declaration of Rights. Link it with liberty and equality.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 1791 के संविधान / Constitution of 1791. The Constitution of 1791 began with the Declaration of Rights. Link it with liberty and equality.
Step 3
Exam Tip
1791 के संविधान की शुरुआत अधिकारों की घोषणा से हुई। इसे स्वतंत्रता और समानता से जोड़ें।
D. प्राकृतिक और अविच्छेद्य अधिकार/Natural and inalienable rights
Step 1
Concept
These rights were considered basic rights connected with birth. Remember the terms natural and inalienable.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. प्राकृतिक और अविच्छेद्य अधिकार / Natural and inalienable rights. These rights were considered basic rights connected with birth. Remember the terms natural and inalienable.
Step 3
Exam Tip
ये अधिकार जन्म से जुड़े मूल अधिकार माने गए। परीक्षा में प्राकृतिक और अविच्छेद्य शब्द याद रखें।
D. जनता का राजाओं के विरुद्ध युद्ध/People's war against kings
Step 1
Concept
Volunteers saw the war as people against kings. This shows revolutionary nationalism.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. जनता का राजाओं के विरुद्ध युद्ध / People's war against kings. Volunteers saw the war as people against kings. This shows revolutionary nationalism.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वयंसेवकों ने युद्ध को जनता बनाम राजाओं की लड़ाई माना। यह क्रांतिकारी राष्ट्रवाद दिखाता है।
C. मार्सेय के स्वयंसेवक/Volunteers from Marseilles
Step 1
Concept
Volunteers from Marseilles sang this song in Paris. This is why it was called La Marseillaise.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. मार्सेय के स्वयंसेवक / Volunteers from Marseilles. Volunteers from Marseilles sang this song in Paris. This is why it was called La Marseillaise.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मार्सेय के स्वयंसेवकों ने यह गीत पेरिस में गाया। इसी से नाम ला मार्सेयेज पड़ा।
C. खर्च और कठिनाइयां बढ़ीं/Expenses and difficulties increased
Step 1
Concept
Wars increased losses and economic hardships. In exams also see the social effects of war.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. खर्च और कठिनाइयां बढ़ीं / Expenses and difficulties increased. Wars increased losses and economic hardships. In exams also see the social effects of war.
Step 3
Exam Tip
युद्धों से नुकसान और आर्थिक कठिनाइयां बढ़ीं। परीक्षा में युद्ध के सामाजिक प्रभाव भी देखें।
A. लोगों को विचारों पर चर्चा और संगठन के लिए स्थान चाहिए था/People needed places for discussion and organization
Step 1
Concept
Political clubs became centers of discussion and organization. The Jacobin Club is a major example.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. लोगों को विचारों पर चर्चा और संगठन के लिए स्थान चाहिए था / People needed places for discussion and organization. Political clubs became centers of discussion and organization. The Jacobin Club is a major example.
Step 3
Exam Tip
राजनीतिक क्लब चर्चा और संगठन के केंद्र बने। जैकबिन क्लब इसका प्रमुख उदाहरण है।
Robespierre was a leading figure of the Jacobin Club. Remember the name with the club.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. मैक्सिमिलियन रॉब्सपिएर / Maximilian Robespierre. Robespierre was a leading figure of the Jacobin Club. Remember the name with the club.
Step 3
Exam Tip
रॉब्सपिएर जैकबिन क्लब का प्रमुख नेता था। नाम को क्लब से जोड़कर याद रखें।
D. छोटे दुकानदार कारीगर और मजदूर/Small shopkeepers artisans and workers
Step 1
Concept
Jacobins included people from less prosperous groups. Link it with popular politics.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. छोटे दुकानदार कारीगर और मजदूर / Small shopkeepers artisans and workers. Jacobins included people from less prosperous groups. Link it with popular politics.
Step 3
Exam Tip
जैकबिनों में कम समृद्ध वर्गों के लोग शामिल थे। इसे लोकप्रिय राजनीति से जोड़ें।
A. घुटने तक की कुलीन ब्रीच न पहनने वालों से/Those who did not wear noble knee breeches
Step 1
Concept
Sans culottes referred to revolutionaries wearing long trousers. It showed distance from noble fashion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घुटने तक की कुलीन ब्रीच न पहनने वालों से / Those who did not wear noble knee breeches. Sans culottes referred to revolutionaries wearing long trousers. It showed distance from noble fashion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
सांस कुलोत सामान्य लंबी पतलून पहनने वाले क्रांतिकारी कहलाए। यह कुलीन फैशन से दूरी दिखाता था।
D. कुलीनों की घुटने वाली ब्रीच/Nobles' knee breeches
Step 1
Concept
Jacobins wanted to look different from nobles' knee breeches. Clothing became a political identity.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. कुलीनों की घुटने वाली ब्रीच / Nobles' knee breeches. Jacobins wanted to look different from nobles' knee breeches. Clothing became a political identity.
Step 3
Exam Tip
जैकबिन कुलीनों की घुटने वाली ब्रीच से अलग दिखना चाहते थे। कपड़े राजनीतिक पहचान बन गए।
D. सार्वभौमिक पुरुष मताधिकार/Universal male suffrage
Step 1
Concept
The National Convention was elected by universal male suffrage. Keep it separate from the limited system of 1791.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. सार्वभौमिक पुरुष मताधिकार / Universal male suffrage. The National Convention was elected by universal male suffrage. Keep it separate from the limited system of 1791.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नेशनल कन्वेंशन सार्वभौमिक पुरुष मताधिकार से चुना गया था। इसे 1791 की सीमित व्यवस्था से अलग रखें।
C. जनता द्वारा चुनी सरकार/Government elected by the people
Step 1
Concept
In a republic power is not based on a hereditary king. Link it with elected government of people.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. जनता द्वारा चुनी सरकार / Government elected by the people. In a republic power is not based on a hereditary king. Link it with elected government of people.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गणराज्य में सत्ता वंशानुगत राजा पर आधारित नहीं होती। इसे जनता की चुनी सरकार से जोड़ें।
Louis XVI was tried by the National Convention. Link it with the beginning of the republic.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. नेशनल कन्वेंशन / National Convention. Louis XVI was tried by the National Convention. Link it with the beginning of the republic.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लुई सोलहवें पर नेशनल कन्वेंशन ने मुकदमा चलाया। इसे गणराज्य की शुरुआत से जोड़ें।
Louis XVI was executed at Place de la Concorde. Remember the place and date together.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. प्लेस द ला कॉन्कोर्ड / Place de la Concorde. Louis XVI was executed at Place de la Concorde. Remember the place and date together.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लुई सोलहवें को प्लेस द ला कॉन्कोर्ड में मृत्युदंड दिया गया। स्थान और तारीख साथ याद रखें।
C. उन्हें मतदान अधिकार नहीं मिला/They did not get voting rights
Step 1
Concept
Women did not get voting rights. This was one of the limits of the Revolution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. उन्हें मतदान अधिकार नहीं मिला / They did not get voting rights. Women did not get voting rights. This was one of the limits of the Revolution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
महिलाओं को मतदान अधिकार नहीं मिला था। यह क्रांति की सीमाओं में से एक था।
B. नहीं केवल सक्रिय नागरिकों को मिला/No only active citizens got it
Step 1
Concept
In 1791 all men did not get the vote. Voting was limited to active citizens.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. नहीं केवल सक्रिय नागरिकों को मिला / No only active citizens got it. In 1791 all men did not get the vote. Voting was limited to active citizens.
Step 3
Exam Tip
1791 में सभी पुरुषों को वोट नहीं मिला था। वोट सक्रिय नागरिकों तक सीमित था।
C. राष्ट्र रक्षा की भावना/Spirit of national defense
Step 1
Concept
Volunteers saw defense of the nation as their task. Link it with revolutionary nationalism.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. राष्ट्र रक्षा की भावना / Spirit of national defense. Volunteers saw defense of the nation as their task. Link it with revolutionary nationalism.
Step 3
Exam Tip
स्वयंसेवक राष्ट्र की रक्षा को अपना कार्य मानते थे। इसे क्रांतिकारी राष्ट्रवाद से जोड़ें।
Revolutionary people organized in political clubs. Clubs became centers of ideas and action.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. राजनीतिक क्लबों में / In political clubs. Revolutionary people organized in political clubs. Clubs became centers of ideas and action.
Step 3
Exam Tip
क्रांतिकारी लोग राजनीतिक क्लबों में संगठित हुए। क्लब विचार और कार्रवाई के केंद्र बने।
Long striped trousers were different from noble fashion. They became an identity of common people.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. लंबी धारीदार पतलून / Long striped trousers. Long striped trousers were different from noble fashion. They became an identity of common people.
Step 3
Exam Tip
लंबी धारीदार पतलून कुलीन फैशन से अलग थी। यह आम लोगों की पहचान बनी।
The National Convention abolished monarchy. This was the main step in France becoming a republic.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. नेशनल कन्वेंशन / National Convention. The National Convention abolished monarchy. This was the main step in France becoming a republic.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नेशनल कन्वेंशन ने राजतंत्र समाप्त किया। यह फ्रांस के गणराज्य बनने का मुख्य कदम था।
B. उसे भी मृत्युदंड दिया गया/She was also executed
Step 1
Concept
Marie Antoinette was also executed later. Link it with the fall of the royal family.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. उसे भी मृत्युदंड दिया गया / She was also executed. Marie Antoinette was also executed later. Link it with the fall of the royal family.
Step 3
Exam Tip
मैरी एंटोइनेट को भी बाद में मृत्युदंड दिया गया। इसे राजपरिवार के पतन से जोड़ें।
C. वंशानुगत राजतंत्र समाप्त हुआ/Hereditary monarchy ended
Step 1
Concept
Becoming a republic meant the end of hereditary monarchy. Understand it as a modern political change.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. वंशानुगत राजतंत्र समाप्त हुआ / Hereditary monarchy ended. Becoming a republic meant the end of hereditary monarchy. Understand it as a modern political change.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गणराज्य बनने का अर्थ वंशानुगत राजतंत्र का अंत था। इसे आधुनिक राजनीतिक बदलाव समझें।
Passive citizens did not get the right to vote. In exams keep the difference between active and passive citizens clear.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मतदान का अधिकार / Right to vote. Passive citizens did not get the right to vote. In exams keep the difference between active and passive citizens clear.
Step 3
Exam Tip
निष्क्रिय नागरिकों को मतदान अधिकार नहीं मिला था। परीक्षा में सक्रिय और निष्क्रिय नागरिक का अंतर साफ रखें।
B. वंशानुगत राजा की सत्ता/Power of hereditary king
Step 1
Concept
When France became a republic hereditary monarchy ended. Understand it as a shift of power from king to people.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. वंशानुगत राजा की सत्ता / Power of hereditary king. When France became a republic hereditary monarchy ended. Understand it as a shift of power from king to people.
Step 3
Exam Tip
गणराज्य बनने पर वंशानुगत राजतंत्र समाप्त हुआ। इसे राजा से जनता की ओर सत्ता बदलाव समझें।
D. क्रांतिकारी आम जनता/Revolutionary common people
Step 1
Concept
These symbols showed the identity of common people separate from noble fashion. In exams connect symbols with their meanings.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is D. क्रांतिकारी आम जनता / Revolutionary common people. These symbols showed the identity of common people separate from noble fashion. In exams connect symbols with their meanings.
Step 3
Exam Tip
ये प्रतीक कुलीन फैशन से अलग आम जनता की पहचान दिखाते थे। परीक्षा में प्रतीकों को उनके अर्थ से जोड़ें।
