Population Growth

Correct answer: C. It is only the name of increase in land area

Correct answer: C. Population growth means a change in the number of people over a period of time. Births add people, deaths remove people, and migration can either add people through in-migration or remove them through out-migration. Growth can be described as an absolute increase, such as 15 lakh people, or as a rate, such as 20 percent. A is correct because it includes time and change in population. B is correct because these are major processes affecting population change. C is wrong because land area is the physical size of a place; it is not the number of people living there. D is correct because both absolute and percentage measures are used. Common confusion: population growth and growth of land area are entirely different ideas.

Correct answer: A. Unemployment and employment pressure

Correct answer: A, unemployment and employment pressure. Rapid population growth can add many people to the working-age population or to the group seeking work. If jobs are created more slowly than the number of job seekers grows, competition for available work becomes stronger. Some people may remain unemployed or find only irregular or poorly paid work, creating economic and social pressure. A is correct because it connects the number of potential workers with the supply of jobs. B is wrong because population growth does not change a river’s length in this way. C is wrong because it does not create or remove mountains. D is wrong because the colour of an area is unrelated to employment demand. Remember: when the number of job seekers rises faster than opportunities, employment pressure increases.

Correct answer: A. Because the same percentage gives a different absolute increase on different bases

The direct answer is A. Base population means the starting number of people on which a percentage is calculated. The same rate can produce very different numerical increases: 10% of 1,000 is 100, whereas 10% of 10,000 is 1,000. Thus, a rate alone does not tell us the full size of the change. Option A is correct because it distinguishes relative growth, expressed as a percentage, from absolute growth, expressed as a number of people. Option B is wrong because area is the land surface, while base population is a number of persons. Option C is wrong because percentages are useful for comparing places of different sizes, provided the base is also considered. Option D is wrong because births and deaths are important components of population change. Memory cue: percentage tells how fast; base population tells how large the numerical effect may be.

Correct answer: A. Growing population increases food demand, so production and distribution planning are needed

The direct answer is A. Food security means that people can regularly obtain enough safe and nutritious food. When population increases, the number of people needing food also increases, so total demand generally rises. Planners must consider food production, irrigation and other inputs, storage, transport, markets, and fair distribution. More production alone is not sufficient if food cannot reach people who need it. Option A is correct because it links population size with demand and then with planning for supply and distribution. Option B is wrong because population growth does not remove the need for food; it normally increases it. Option C is wrong because the number of people is an important part of food demand, although income, technology, climate, and distribution also matter. Option D is meaningless and does not describe a demographic or food-security process. Memory cue: more people usually means more meals, so supply and access must be planned together.

Correct answer: B. Absolute growth is negative 400

Direct answer: B, absolute growth is negative 400. Absolute change is found by subtracting the initial population from the final population: 7,600 − 8,000 = −400. The minus sign shows that the population decreased, so the population fell by 400 people. A is wrong because +400 would describe an increase; 400 is only the size of the decrease. C is wrong because the percentage change is (−400 ÷ 8,000) × 100 = −5%, not 100%. D is wrong because a stable population would remain at 8,000, whereas this population became 7,600. The same method works in every similar question: final value minus initial value. Memory cue: final minus initial; a smaller final number produces a negative change.

Correct answer: A. Actual growth = births − deaths + in-migration − out-migration

Direct answer: A. Actual population growth records the net change in the number of people. First, births add people and deaths remove people, giving natural increase: births − deaths. Next, in-migration adds people arriving from elsewhere, while out-migration removes people leaving. Combining these gives actual growth = births − deaths + in-migration − out-migration. B is wrong because area and population are used for ideas such as density, not for calculating population change. C is wrong because rainfall and temperature are environmental factors and are not terms in this demographic formula. D is wrong because language and soil do not form a population-growth calculation. Remember that the signs matter: additions have plus signs and departures or deaths have minus signs. Memory cue: births and arrivals add; deaths and departures subtract.

Correct answer: A. In the first area

The correct answer is A: absolute growth is higher in the first area. Absolute growth means the actual increase in the number of people, so subtract the old population from the new population. In the first area, 11,000 − 10,000 = 1,000 people. In the second area, 1,300 − 1,000 = 300 people. Since 1,000 is greater than 300, the first area has the larger absolute growth. Option B confuses absolute growth with percentage growth; the second area does have a larger percentage increase, but not a larger numerical increase. Option C is wrong because the two increases are 1,000 and 300, not equal. Option D is wrong because both populations increased. Memory cue: absolute means actual number; percentage means change compared with the starting number.

Correct answer: B. In the second area

The correct answer is B: the second area has the higher percentage growth. Percentage growth compares the increase with the original population. The formula is percentage growth = (increase ÷ original population) × 100. In the first area, the increase is 1,000 and the original population is 10,000, so the growth is (1,000 ÷ 10,000) × 100 = 10%. In the second area, the increase is 300 and the original population is 1,000, so the growth is (300 ÷ 1,000) × 100 = 30%. Therefore, the second area has the higher percentage growth even though its absolute increase is smaller. Option A confuses actual increase with relative increase. Option C is wrong because both populations increased. Option D is wrong because 10% and 30% are not equal. Memory cue: always divide by the starting population for percentage growth.

Correct answer: A. Ten lakh

Answer: A, ten lakh. Absolute population growth is the actual increase in number, so subtract the previous population from the current population. Here, current population = 50 lakh and previous population = 40 lakh. Therefore, absolute growth = 50 lakh − 40 lakh = 10 lakh. This calculation does not give a percentage; it gives the number of additional people in the same unit. B is the old or base population, not the increase. C is the current total population, not the change. D adds the two populations, but adding them does not measure growth. Always keep the order current minus previous, because reversing it would produce a negative sign for a population that has actually increased. Memory cue: absolute growth is the difference, not the final total.

Correct answer: B. Twenty percent

Answer: B, twenty percent. Percentage growth is calculated by dividing the increase by the previous population and multiplying by 100. Increase = 5 lakh and previous population = 25 lakh. Thus, growth percentage = (5 ÷ 25) × 100 = 0.2 × 100 = 20%. The unit lakh cancels because both quantities use the same unit. A, 10%, would correspond to an increase of 2.5 lakh on a base of 25 lakh. C, 25%, incorrectly treats the increase as if it were one-fourth of the base. D, 5%, confuses the numerical increase of five lakh with a percentage. Use the previous population as the denominator, not the current population, unless a different measure is explicitly requested. Memory cue: percentage growth = increase ÷ old population × 100.

Correct answer: A. Nine lakh

Direct answer: A, nine lakh. Absolute growth means the actual numerical change in population, so subtract the earlier population from the current population. Here, current population = 39 lakh and previous population = 30 lakh. Calculation: 39 − 30 = 9 lakh. Thus, the population increased by nine lakh people. A is correct because it gives the difference between the two populations. B is only the previous population, not the increase. C is the current population, not the number added. D comes from adding 30 and 39, but absolute growth is found by subtraction, not addition. Always use the order current population minus previous population. Because the current value is larger, the result is a positive increase. Memory cue: absolute growth = present value − past value.

Correct answer: B. Ten percent

Direct answer: B, ten percent. First find the absolute increase: current population minus previous population = 99 lakh − 90 lakh = 9 lakh. Next compare this increase with the previous, or base, population: growth percentage = (increase ÷ previous population) × 100. Therefore, (9 ÷ 90) × 100 = 0.1 × 100 = 10%. B is correct. A, 5%, is half the actual percentage. C, 9%, incorrectly treats the number nine as the percentage without comparing it with the base of 90. D, 20%, is too high and does not follow the formula. The base must be the earlier population, not the current population or the increase alone. Memory cue: subtract first, then divide by the old population and multiply by 100.

Correct answer: B. Pressure on food, land and employment

Direct answer: B. Rapid population growth increases the number of people who need food, homes, land and livelihoods. When agricultural land is limited, expanding demand can place pressure on food production, land use and employment. Planners may therefore need to improve productivity, use land carefully, create non-farm jobs and provide essential services. A is unrelated to the main demographic planning issue. C and D are physical measurements that do not directly express the pressure created by a rapidly growing population and limited farmland. The question is not asking which natural feature changes; it is asking what human-resource problem must be managed. Memory cue: more people plus fixed land means greater pressure on food, jobs and available land.

Correct answer: B. High immigration

The direct answer is B: high immigration. A city’s population changes not only through births and deaths but also through movement of people. Immigration means people enter the city from other places. If many people arrive for jobs, education, housing, or other opportunities, the city can grow quickly even when its birth rate is low. Option A, high emigration, means people leave the city, so it tends to reduce population. Option C, high death rate, also reduces population and cannot explain rapid growth. Option D, low employment, may encourage people to leave rather than attract them, although other factors can affect migration. The key distinction is that immigration adds residents from outside. Memory cue: immigration is in-migration; emigration is out-migration.

Correct answer: A. It can reduce total growth

The direct answer is A: negative net migration can reduce total growth. Net migration is the number entering an area minus the number leaving it. A negative value means departures are greater than arrivals. This creates a population loss through migration and lowers total population growth. Option B is wrong because negative migration does not add people; positive net migration does. Option C is wrong because migration is one of the components of total population change, so it can affect the result even when births and deaths are unchanged. Option D is wrong because net migration and birth rate are different measures: one describes movement, while the other describes births. The word “can” is correct because natural increase might still be large enough to keep total growth positive. Memory cue: negative net migration means net outflow.

Correct answer: A. Eleven lakh

The direct answer is A: eleven lakh. Absolute growth is the actual increase in population, so subtract the previous population from the current population. Current population = 56 lakh and previous population = 45 lakh. Therefore, absolute growth = 56 − 45 = 11 lakh. Option B repeats the previous population rather than finding the increase. Option C repeats the current population, which is the final total, not the amount added. Option D incorrectly adds the two populations: 56 + 45 = 101 lakh, but growth is found by subtraction, not addition. This answer is an absolute number, not a percentage. Memory cue: absolute growth = new population − old population; percentage growth additionally divides by the old population and multiplies by 100.

Correct answer: B. 10 percent

Direct answer: Option B, 10 percent, is correct. Use the percentage-growth formula: percentage growth = (increase ÷ original population) × 100. The original population is 120 lakh and the new population is 132 lakh. Step 1: find the absolute increase: 132 − 120 = 12 lakh. Step 2: divide the increase by the original value: 12 ÷ 120 = 0.10. Step 3: multiply by 100: 0.10 × 100 = 10 percent. Option A is wrong because 5 percent would represent only 6 lakh growth from 120 lakh. Option C confuses the new figure’s 132 with a percentage. Option D uses an incorrect denominator or calculation. Memory cue: always divide the increase by the starting population, not the final population.

Correct answer: A. It shows total change but does not automatically show quality of life

Correct answer: A. Population growth tells us how the number of people changes over time, but it is only one indicator. It does not by itself reveal whether people have good health, education, income, housing, nutrition or a clean environment. Those conditions require additional information. Option B is wrong because population totals do not provide the income of each person. Option C is wrong because growth figures do not measure the quality or availability of every resource. Option D is wrong because area is measured in units such as square kilometres, not by population growth. A useful analysis combines population data with social, economic and environmental indicators. Memory cue: one indicator describes one dimension; never treat growth as a complete picture of well-being.

Correct answer: A. Making the young population productive through education, skills and employment

Correct answer: A. Human capital means the knowledge, skills, health and abilities that help people contribute productively. A large young population can become an advantage when children and young people receive quality education, useful skills, good health support and fair employment opportunities. Option A correctly connects the population structure with investment and productive work. Option B is wrong because ignoring young people wastes their potential. Option C is wrong because stopping education and skill development reduces capabilities. Option D is wrong because without employment, trained people may not be able to use their abilities. A young population is not automatically a benefit; planning and opportunities are necessary. Memory cue: young people become human capital through education, skills, health and meaningful work.

Correct answer: A. 6 lakh and 30 percent

The direct answer is A: the absolute increase is 6 lakh and the percentage growth is 30%. Solve it in two separate steps. Step 1: subtract the initial population from the final population: 26 lakh − 20 lakh = 6 lakh. This is the absolute increase, meaning the actual number added. Step 2: divide the increase by the initial population and multiply by 100: (6 ÷ 20) × 100 = 0.3 × 100 = 30%. The initial population must be used as the base when calculating growth percentage. Option A contains both correct results. Option B correctly gives the absolute increase but divides incorrectly; 6 is not 20% of 20, it is 30% of 20. Option C uses the final population as the increase, so its absolute figure is wrong, although its percentage is right. Option D adds the two populations instead of finding the difference and also gives the wrong percentage. Memory cue: first subtract for absolute increase, then divide by the original and multiply by 100 for percentage growth.

Correct answer: A. ६ लाख की कमी और १० प्रतिशत घटाव

The direct answer is A. To find the absolute change, subtract the final population from the initial population: 60 lakh − 54 lakh = 6 lakh. Because the final number is smaller, this is a decrease, not an increase. To find the percentage decrease, divide the decrease by the initial population and multiply by 100: (6 ÷ 60) × 100 = 10%. Therefore, the population decreased by 6 lakh, which is 10% of the original 60 lakh. Option A is correct because it gives both the correct amount and the correct direction of change. Option B is wrong because the population did not rise; it fell from 60 to 54 lakh. Option C is wrong because 54 lakh is the final population, not the amount of change. Option D is wrong because 60 lakh is the starting population, not an increase. A useful memory cue is: first subtract to find the change, then divide by the original value for the percentage. Always use the initial population as the denominator when calculating percentage change.

Correct answer: A. प्रारंभिक जनसंख्या, अंतिम जनसंख्या, जन्म, मृत्यु, प्रवास और समय अवधि

The direct answer is A. Studying population growth requires data that show how the number of people changes during a stated period. Initial population gives the starting total and final population gives the ending total. Births and deaths help explain natural increase or decrease. Migration records show the effect of people entering or leaving the area. The time period is essential because a change over one year has a different meaning from the same change over ten years. Together, these data allow a researcher to calculate absolute change, percentage change and the contribution of different processes. Option A is correct because it contains the main information needed to measure and interpret population growth. Option B describes physical relief features, not demographic change. Option C may be useful for agriculture or environmental study, but it does not measure population change. Option D may describe cultural composition, but a list of festivals and languages alone cannot show growth. Memory cue: to study growth, record “starting number, ending number, causes, and time.”

Correct answer: B. In the second area

Direct answer: Option B. Absolute growth means the actual number added to the population, without converting it into a percentage. The first area rose from 4,000 to 5,000, so its absolute increase is 5,000 − 4,000 = 1,000 people. The second rose from 40,000 to 44,000, so its absolute increase is 44,000 − 40,000 = 4,000 people. Since 4,000 is greater than 1,000, the second area has higher absolute growth. Option A is wrong because it refers to the higher percentage rate, not the larger number added. Option B is correct. Option C is wrong because the increases differ. Option D is wrong because both populations increased. Memory cue: absolute growth asks “how many people were added?”, while growth rate asks “what percentage of the starting population was added?”

Correct answer: C. Migration

Direct answer: Option C, migration. Natural increase is the balance between births and deaths. If that balance is small but many people move into the city, in-migration becomes the major source of population increase. Cities may attract migrants because of employment, education, health care, transport, or other services, but the question only asks for the demographic driver: migration. Option A is wrong because a low natural increase means births minus deaths contributes little to the total change. Option B is wrong because death rate is a loss, not the main addition. Option C is correct because in-migration directly adds residents. Option D is wrong because area describes the size of land and does not itself add people. Memory cue: when births minus deaths is small and arrivals are large, migration drives growth.

Correct answer: A. Population pressure on land will increase

Direct answer: Option A. Population pressure means that more people depend on or compete for a limited amount of land and resources. If the population rises quickly while farmland remains limited, the number of people supported by each unit of land increases. This can intensify competition for plots, employment, food, water, and other rural resources; the question asks for the main result, not every possible consequence. Option A is correct because rapid growth increases demand while the land supply remains limited. Option B is wrong because population growth cannot make farmland infinite. Option C is wrong because more people and limited land may make employment competition harder, not automatically end the problem. Option D is wrong because population does not become zero automatically. Memory cue: more dependents plus fixed land means greater pressure on land.