Why would checks and balances be incomplete without judicial independence?

Correct answer: Because courts could not impartially review the government and laws

Correct answer: A. Checks and balances work when each constitutional institution can examine and limit unlawful or excessive action by another institution. The judiciary contributes by interpreting the Constitution, reviewing government action, and checking whether laws or executive decisions violate constitutional rights or powers. For this review to be meaningful, judges must be able to decide without fear of removal, financial pressure, or political retaliation. If courts were controlled by the government they were reviewing, they might approve unlawful action instead of correcting it. A is correct because independent courts provide an impartial check. B is wrong because Parliament can still make laws. C is an electoral matter, not the reason judicial independence is needed. D is wrong because presidential appointment is unrelated. Memory cue: checks need an independent checker.