What is the relation between judicial independence and separation of powers?

Correct answer: Separation protects the judiciary from improper legislative and executive interference

Direct answer: A is correct. Separation of powers distributes public functions among the legislature, executive and judiciary. The judiciary interprets law and decides disputes, while the other organs perform their own constitutional functions. This arrangement does not mean that the organs never interact; constitutional checks and balances allow lawful oversight. It does mean that the executive or legislature should not improperly control a judge’s decision in a particular case. Independence helps courts protect the Constitution and rights impartially. B is wrong because separation preserves a distinct judiciary rather than abolishing it. C is wrong because courts are not election parties. D is wrong because separation operates through the Constitution and helps make constitutional limits meaningful. Memory cue: separate powers, connected checks, independent decisions.