GDP measures production within economic territory. The location of production, not citizenship, is the main basis.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. आर्थिक क्षेत्र / Economic territory. GDP measures production within economic territory. The location of production, not citizenship, is the main basis.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP आर्थिक क्षेत्र के भीतर हुए उत्पादन को मापता है। नागरिकता नहीं बल्कि उत्पादन का स्थान मुख्य आधार है।
GDP includes production within domestic territory. The worker's nationality does not change GDP inclusion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP में शामिल / Included in GDP. GDP includes production within domestic territory. The worker's nationality does not change GDP inclusion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory में हुए उत्पादन को शामिल करता है। श्रमिक की nationality से GDP inclusion नहीं बदलता।
In factor cost, the effect of (NIT) is removed from market price. Therefore \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर / Net indirect taxes. In factor cost, the effect of (NIT) is removed from market price. Therefore \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
Factor cost में market price से (NIT) का प्रभाव हटाया जाता है। इसलिए \(GDP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}-NIT\) होता है।
\(NDP_{MP}=GDP_{MP}-Depreciation=11400\) crore. Depreciation must be deducted to move from gross to net.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 11400 करोड़ / 11400 crore. \(NDP_{MP}=GDP_{MP}-Depreciation=11400\) crore. Depreciation must be deducted to move from gross to net.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NDP_{MP}=GDP_{MP}-Depreciation=11400\) करोड़। Gross से net में depreciation घटाना जरूरी है।
A. क्योंकि GDP domestic concept है/Because GDP is a domestic concept
Step 1
Concept
GDP is limited to production within domestic territory. (NFIA) is used in national aggregates like GNP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि GDP domestic concept है / Because GDP is a domestic concept. GDP is limited to production within domestic territory. (NFIA) is used in national aggregates like GNP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP domestic territory के उत्पादन तक सीमित है। (NFIA) national aggregates जैसे GNP में उपयोग होता है।
A. विभिन्न वस्तुओं और सेवाओं को एक सामान्य monetary measure में जोड़ने के लिए/To add different goods and services in one common monetary measure
Step 1
Concept
GDP adds different goods and services in money value. Market value gives a common measuring unit.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. विभिन्न वस्तुओं और सेवाओं को एक सामान्य monetary measure में जोड़ने के लिए / To add different goods and services in one common monetary measure. GDP adds different goods and services in money value. Market value gives a common measuring unit.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP अलग-अलग goods and services को money value में जोड़ता है। Market value common measuring unit देता है।
A. Value added निकालने के लिए/To calculate value added
Step 1
Concept
Value added is obtained by deducting intermediate consumption from output. This reduces double counting.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Value added निकालने के लिए / To calculate value added. Value added is obtained by deducting intermediate consumption from output. This reduces double counting.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Value added output में से intermediate consumption घटाकर मिलता है। इससे double counting कम होती है।
Value added (=4800-1750=3050) crore. In the product method, check newly added value rather than full output value.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 3050 करोड़ / 3050 crore. Value added (=4800-1750=3050) crore. In the product method, check newly added value rather than full output value.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Value added (=4800-1750=3050) करोड़। Product method में output की पूरी value नहीं बल्कि नई added value देखें।
Adding full values of intermediate stages separately counts the same value repeatedly. Use final bread or value added approach.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Double counting. Adding full values of intermediate stages separately counts the same value repeatedly. Use final bread or value added approach.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Intermediate stages की पूरी values अलग-अलग जोड़ने से same value बार-बार गिनेगी। अंतिम bread या value added approach अपनाएं।
A. वे घरेलू उत्पादन का भाग नहीं हैं/They are not part of domestic production
Step 1
Concept
Spending on imports does not create domestic output. Therefore, (M) is deducted in the expenditure method of GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वे घरेलू उत्पादन का भाग नहीं हैं / They are not part of domestic production. Spending on imports does not create domestic output. Therefore, (M) is deducted in the expenditure method of GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Imports पर खर्च domestic output नहीं बनाता। इसलिए GDP के expenditure method में (M) घटाया जाता है।
A. Government final expenditure current output खरीदता है, transfer payment output के बदले नहीं होता/Government final expenditure buys current output, transfer payment is not against output
Step 1
Concept
GDP includes government purchase of current goods and services. Transfer payments are not rewards for production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Government final expenditure current output खरीदता है, transfer payment output के बदले नहीं होता / Government final expenditure buys current output, transfer payment is not against output. GDP includes government purchase of current goods and services. Transfer payments are not rewards for production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में current goods and services की government खरीद शामिल होती है। Transfer payments उत्पादन के प्रतिफल नहीं होते।
A. Investment या government capital formation के रूप में शामिल/Included as investment or government capital formation
Step 1
Concept
A new school building is current capital formation. It can be included in GDP as current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Investment या government capital formation के रूप में शामिल / Included as investment or government capital formation. A new school building is current capital formation. It can be included in GDP as current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नया स्कूल भवन current capital formation है। यह GDP में current production के रूप में शामिल हो सकता है।
A. क्योंकि इसका market transaction नहीं होता/Because it has no market transaction
Step 1
Concept
Unpaid household service generally has no monetary record. GDP focuses on market-valued production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इसका market transaction नहीं होता / Because it has no market transaction. Unpaid household service generally has no monetary record. GDP focuses on market-valued production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid household service का monetary record सामान्यतः नहीं होता। GDP market-valued production पर केंद्रित रहता है।
Paid tutor service is a market transaction and current service output. Therefore, it can be included in GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP में शामिल होगी / It will be included in GDP. Paid tutor service is a market transaction and current service output. Therefore, it can be included in GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Paid tutor service market transaction है और current service output है। इसलिए इसे GDP में शामिल किया जा सकता है।
A. यह official records में ठीक से दर्ज नहीं होता/It is not properly recorded in official records
Step 1
Concept
Illegal activity can be hidden and absent from data. This can make measured GDP different from actual activity.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह official records में ठीक से दर्ज नहीं होता / It is not properly recorded in official records. Illegal activity can be hidden and absent from data. This can make measured GDP different from actual activity.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Illegal activity छुपी हो सकती है और data में नहीं आती। इससे measured GDP actual activity से अलग हो सकता है।
A. Official GDP कम आंका जा सकता है/Official GDP may be underestimated
Step 1
Concept
The black economy can remain outside official statistics. This may cause underestimation in GDP measurement.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Official GDP कम आंका जा सकता है / Official GDP may be underestimated. The black economy can remain outside official statistics. This may cause underestimation in GDP measurement.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Black economy official statistics से बाहर रह सकती है। इससे GDP measurement में underestimation हो सकती है।
A. क्योंकि वह current production है/Because it is current production
Step 1
Concept
GDP measures current year production. Resale of an old house is not current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वह current production है / Because it is current production. GDP measures current year production. Resale of an old house is not current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP current year production को मापता है। पुराने मकान की resale current production नहीं है।
A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन का अनबिका भाग है/Because it is the unsold part of current production
Step 1
Concept
An increase in stock represents current output not yet sold. It can be treated as inventory investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन का अनबिका भाग है / Because it is the unsold part of current production. An increase in stock represents current output not yet sold. It can be treated as inventory investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Stock increase current output को दर्शाता है जो अभी बिका नहीं है। इसे inventory investment माना जा सकता है।
A. Inventory investment में शामिल/Included in inventory investment
Step 1
Concept
Unsold goods are also current production. Therefore, they are counted as stock or inventory investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Inventory investment में शामिल / Included in inventory investment. Unsold goods are also current production. Therefore, they are counted as stock or inventory investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unsold goods भी current production हैं। इसलिए उन्हें stock या inventory investment में गिना जाता है।
Capital consumption allowance is not deducted in GDP. Hence it is called a gross measure.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह gross measure है / It is a gross measure. Capital consumption allowance is not deducted in GDP. Hence it is called a gross measure.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP में capital consumption allowance घटाया नहीं जाता। इसलिए इसे gross measure कहा जाता है।
For net domestic product, depreciation is deducted from gross domestic product. This is the gross-net conversion.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास / Depreciation. For net domestic product, depreciation is deducted from gross domestic product. This is the gross-net conversion.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Net domestic product के लिए gross domestic product से depreciation घटाते हैं। यही gross-net conversion है।
GDP deflator shows price level using the ratio of nominal and real GDP. Keep nominal above and real below in the formula.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(\frac{Nominal\ GDP}{Real\ GDP}\times 100\). GDP deflator shows price level using the ratio of nominal and real GDP. Keep nominal above and real below in the formula.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP deflator nominal और real GDP के अनुपात से price level दिखाता है। Formula में nominal ऊपर और real नीचे रखें।
A. वास्तविक उत्पादन बढ़ा है/Real output has increased
Step 1
Concept
Real GDP shows output after removing price effect. Therefore, real GDP growth indicates an increase in real production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वास्तविक उत्पादन बढ़ा है / Real output has increased. Real GDP shows output after removing price effect. Therefore, real GDP growth indicates an increase in real production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Real GDP price effect हटाकर output दिखाता है। इसलिए real GDP growth वास्तविक उत्पादन वृद्धि का संकेत है।
The nominal growth is being explained by price rise itself. Therefore, real output can be considered almost constant.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. लगभग स्थिर / Almost constant. The nominal growth is being explained by price rise itself. Therefore, real output can be considered almost constant.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal growth price rise से ही explain हो रही है। इसलिए real output लगभग स्थिर माना जा सकता है।
A. औसत घरेलू उत्पादन या आय प्रति व्यक्ति/Average domestic output or income per person
Step 1
Concept
Per capita GDP is obtained by dividing total GDP by population. It shows the average level, not distribution.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. औसत घरेलू उत्पादन या आय प्रति व्यक्ति / Average domestic output or income per person. Per capita GDP is obtained by dividing total GDP by population. It shows the average level, not distribution.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Per capita GDP total GDP को population से भाग देकर मिलता है। यह average level दिखाता है, distribution नहीं।
A. क्योंकि GDP आय वितरण नहीं बताता/Because GDP does not show income distribution
Step 1
Concept
GDP shows total output but not income distribution. Also check inequality in welfare analysis.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि GDP आय वितरण नहीं बताता / Because GDP does not show income distribution. GDP shows total output but not income distribution. Also check inequality in welfare analysis.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP total output बताता है लेकिन income distribution नहीं दिखाता। Welfare analysis में inequality को भी देखें।
A. Pollution damage के कारण welfare जरूरी नहीं बढ़े/Welfare may not rise due to pollution damage
Step 1
Concept
Pollution control spending can add to GDP, but pollution itself can reduce welfare. Do not treat GDP as a complete measure of welfare.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Pollution damage के कारण welfare जरूरी नहीं बढ़े / Welfare may not rise due to pollution damage. Pollution control spending can add to GDP, but pollution itself can reduce welfare. Do not treat GDP as a complete measure of welfare.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Pollution control spending GDP में जुड़ सकता है लेकिन pollution itself welfare घटा सकता है। GDP को welfare का पूर्ण measure न मानें।
A. जीवन गुणवत्ता का आकलन अधूरा हो सकता है/Quality of life assessment may be incomplete
Step 1
Concept
GDP measures monetary output, not non-market quality like leisure. Therefore, be careful in welfare comparison.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जीवन गुणवत्ता का आकलन अधूरा हो सकता है / Quality of life assessment may be incomplete. GDP measures monetary output, not non-market quality like leisure. Therefore, be careful in welfare comparison.
Step 3
Exam Tip
GDP monetary output मापता है, leisure जैसी non-market quality नहीं। इसलिए welfare comparison में सावधानी रखें।
A. GDP बढ़ सकता है, लेकिन welfare loss भी हो सकता है/GDP may rise, but welfare loss may also occur
Step 1
Concept
Repair spending can raise GDP as current production. But damage from the disaster can reduce welfare.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. GDP बढ़ सकता है, लेकिन welfare loss भी हो सकता है / GDP may rise, but welfare loss may also occur. Repair spending can raise GDP as current production. But damage from the disaster can reduce welfare.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Repair spending current production के रूप में GDP बढ़ा सकता है। लेकिन disaster से हुई हानि welfare घटा सकती है।
A. Current production या investment के रूप में शामिल/Included as current production or investment
Step 1
Concept
New software creation can be current service or intangible investment. GDP includes current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Current production या investment के रूप में शामिल / Included as current production or investment. New software creation can be current service or intangible investment. GDP includes current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
नई software creation current service or intangible investment हो सकती है। GDP current production को शामिल करता है।
A. Investment में दिखेगा लेकिन imports घटाकर domestic GDP को सही किया जाएगा/It appears in investment but imports are deducted to correct domestic GDP
Step 1
Concept
An imported machine may enter investment in expenditure, but subtracting (M) removes foreign output. GDP measures domestic production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Investment में दिखेगा लेकिन imports घटाकर domestic GDP को सही किया जाएगा / It appears in investment but imports are deducted to correct domestic GDP. An imported machine may enter investment in expenditure, but subtracting (M) removes foreign output. GDP measures domestic production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Expenditure में imported machine investment में आ सकती है, पर (M) घटाने से foreign output हट जाता है। GDP domestic production मापता है।
A. क्योंकि वे domestic production हैं जो विदेशों को बेचे गए/Because they are domestic production sold abroad
Step 1
Concept
Exports are goods and services produced within the domestic territory. Therefore, their value is included in GDP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वे domestic production हैं जो विदेशों को बेचे गए / Because they are domestic production sold abroad. Exports are goods and services produced within the domestic territory. Therefore, their value is included in GDP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Exports घरेलू क्षेत्र में उत्पादित goods and services होते हैं। इसलिए GDP में उनका value शामिल किया जाता है।
A. जब सही data और समान accounting basis हो/When data is correct and accounting basis is same
Step 1
Concept
Product, income and expenditure methods theoretically measure the same output. If data and basis are consistent, results should be equal.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब सही data और समान accounting basis हो / When data is correct and accounting basis is same. Product, income and expenditure methods theoretically measure the same output. If data and basis are consistent, results should be equal.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Product, income और expenditure methods theoretically same output को मापते हैं। Data और basis consistent हो तो results equal होने चाहिए।
A. क्योंकि ये MP-FC, gross-net और domestic-national conversion से जुड़े हैं/Because they relate to MP-FC, gross-net and domestic-national conversions
Step 1
Concept
(NIT) relates to valuation, depreciation to gross-net and (NFIA) to domestic-national conversion. Keeping them separate reduces sign mistakes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि ये MP-FC, gross-net और domestic-national conversion से जुड़े हैं / Because they relate to MP-FC, gross-net and domestic-national conversions. (NIT) relates to valuation, depreciation to gross-net and (NFIA) to domestic-national conversion. Keeping them separate reduces sign mistakes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(NIT) valuation, depreciation gross-net और (NFIA) domestic-national conversion से जुड़ा है। इन्हें अलग रखने से sign mistakes कम होती हैं।
\(NDP_{FC}=15000-1200-800=13000\) crore. In GDP to NDP and MP to FC conversion, both values are deducted.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 13000 करोड़ / 13000 crore. \(NDP_{FC}=15000-1200-800=13000\) crore. In GDP to NDP and MP to FC conversion, both values are deducted.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NDP_{FC}=15000-1200-800=13000\) करोड़ होगा। GDP से NDP और MP से FC conversion में दोनों values घटती हैं।
A. घर में बिना भुगतान की देखभाल सेवा/Unpaid care service at home
Step 1
Concept
Unpaid household care service has no market transaction. Therefore, GDP does not show the complete picture of welfare.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घर में बिना भुगतान की देखभाल सेवा / Unpaid care service at home. Unpaid household care service has no market transaction. Therefore, GDP does not show the complete picture of welfare.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid household care service का market transaction नहीं होता। इसलिए GDP welfare का पूरा चित्र नहीं दिखाता।
