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A. (NFIA) जोड़ें, मूल्यह्रास घटाएं और (NIT) घटाएं/Add (NFIA), deduct depreciation and deduct (NIT)
Step 1
Concept
\(GDP_{MP}\) is domestic, gross and at market price. For \(NNP_{FC}\), it must be converted into national, net and factor cost.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (NFIA) जोड़ें, मूल्यह्रास घटाएं और (NIT) घटाएं / Add (NFIA), deduct depreciation and deduct (NIT). \(GDP_{MP}\) is domestic, gross and at market price. For \(NNP_{FC}\), it must be converted into national, net and factor cost.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GDP_{MP}\) domestic, gross और market price पर होता है। \(NNP_{FC}\) के लिए इसे national, net और factor cost बनाना पड़ता है।
A. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ऋणात्मक हैं/Net indirect taxes are negative
Step 1
Concept
\(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\). If (NIT) is negative, deducting it increases \(NNP_{FC}\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ऋणात्मक हैं / Net indirect taxes are negative. \(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\). If (NIT) is negative, deducting it increases \(NNP_{FC}\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\) होता है। (NIT) negative होने पर उसे घटाने से \(NNP_{FC}\) बढ़ जाता है।
\(NFIA=NNP_{FC}-NDP_{FC}=2620-2750=-130\) crore. If national value is less than domestic value, (NFIA) is negative.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. -130 करोड़ / -130 crore. \(NFIA=NNP_{FC}-NDP_{FC}=2620-2750=-130\) crore. If national value is less than domestic value, (NFIA) is negative.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NFIA=NNP_{FC}-NDP_{FC}=2620-2750=-130\) करोड़। National value domestic से कम हो तो (NFIA) negative होता है।
A. मूल्यह्रास घटाएं और (NIT) जोड़ें/Deduct depreciation and add (NIT)
Step 1
Concept
\(GNP_{FC}\) is already national and at factor cost. Deduct depreciation for NNP and add (NIT) for MP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास घटाएं और (NIT) जोड़ें / Deduct depreciation and add (NIT). \(GNP_{FC}\) is already national and at factor cost. Deduct depreciation for NNP and add (NIT) for MP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GNP_{FC}\) पहले से national और factor cost पर है। NNP के लिए depreciation घटाएं और MP के लिए (NIT) जोड़ें।
First \(NNP_{FC}=3900-510=3390\), then \(NNP_{MP}=3390-70=3320\) crore. Adding negative (NIT) can reduce the amount.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 3320 करोड़ / 3320 crore. First \(NNP_{FC}=3900-510=3390\), then \(NNP_{MP}=3390-70=3320\) crore. Adding negative (NIT) can reduce the amount.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पहले \(NNP_{FC}=3900-510=3390\), फिर \(NNP_{MP}=3390-70=3320\) करोड़। Negative (NIT) जोड़ने पर राशि घट सकती है।
C. बुढ़ापा पेंशन जैसी हस्तांतरण आय/Transfer income like old-age pension
Step 1
Concept
A transfer payment is not received against current productive service. \(NNP_{FC}\) includes only factor incomes.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. बुढ़ापा पेंशन जैसी हस्तांतरण आय / Transfer income like old-age pension. A transfer payment is not received against current productive service. \(NNP_{FC}\) includes only factor incomes.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Transfer payment वर्तमान उत्पादन सेवा के बदले नहीं मिलता। \(NNP_{FC}\) में केवल factor incomes शामिल की जाती हैं।
A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन नहीं बनाती/Because it does not create current production
Step 1
Concept
Sale of old financial assets does not produce a new good or service. NNP counts the value of current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन नहीं बनाती / Because it does not create current production. Sale of old financial assets does not produce a new good or service. NNP counts the value of current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पुराने financial assets की बिक्री से नई वस्तु या सेवा का उत्पादन नहीं होता। NNP में current production का मूल्य गिना जाता है।
First \(NNP_{MP}=NNP_{FC}+NIT=4700\), then depreciation (=5200-4700=500) crore. Use reverse conversion for missing depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 500 करोड़ / 500 crore. First \(NNP_{MP}=NNP_{FC}+NIT=4700\), then depreciation (=5200-4700=500) crore. Use reverse conversion for missing depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पहले \(NNP_{MP}=NNP_{FC}+NIT=4700\), फिर depreciation (=5200-4700=500) करोड़। Missing depreciation के लिए reverse conversion करें।
\(NNP_{MP}=GDP_{FC}+NIT+NFIA-Depreciation=4040\) crore. Add (NIT) for FC to MP and deduct depreciation for gross to net.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 4040 करोड़ / 4040 crore. \(NNP_{MP}=GDP_{FC}+NIT+NFIA-Depreciation=4040\) crore. Add (NIT) for FC to MP and deduct depreciation for gross to net.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{MP}=GDP_{FC}+NIT+NFIA-Depreciation=4040\) करोड़। FC से MP के लिए (NIT) जोड़ें और gross से net के लिए depreciation घटाएं।
To convert \(GDP_{FC}\) into MP add (NIT), into national add (NFIA), and into net deduct depreciation. Remember the full formula with signs.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(NNP_{MP}=GDP_{FC}+NIT+NFIA-Depreciation\). To convert \(GDP_{FC}\) into MP add (NIT), into national add (NFIA), and into net deduct depreciation. Remember the full formula with signs.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GDP_{FC}\) को MP बनाने के लिए (NIT), national बनाने के लिए (NFIA) और net बनाने के लिए depreciation समायोजित होता है। पूरा सूत्र signs सहित याद रखें।
A. NNP welfare को कम पूर्ण रूप से दिखाता है/NNP shows welfare less completely
Step 1
Concept
Unpaid services generally do not have market valuation. Therefore, NNP is not a complete indicator of welfare.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. NNP welfare को कम पूर्ण रूप से दिखाता है / NNP shows welfare less completely. Unpaid services generally do not have market valuation. Therefore, NNP is not a complete indicator of welfare.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unpaid services का market valuation सामान्यतः नहीं होता। इसलिए NNP जीवन-कल्याण का पूर्ण सूचक नहीं बनता।
(NIT=420-520=-100), so (NNP_{FC}=2950-(-100)=3050) crore. With negative (NIT), FC value becomes higher than MP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. 3050 करोड़ / 3050 crore. (NIT=420-520=-100), so (NNP_{FC}=2950-(-100)=3050) crore. With negative (NIT), FC value becomes higher than MP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(NIT=420-520=-100), इसलिए (NNP_{FC}=2950-(-100)=3050) करोड़। Negative (NIT) में FC value MP से बढ़ जाती है।
From \(GNP_{MP}\) to \(NNP_{FC}\), both depreciation and (NIT) are deducted. So if (NIT) is non-zero, the difference is not only depreciation.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब (NIT) शून्य न हो / When (NIT) is not zero. From \(GNP_{MP}\) to \(NNP_{FC}\), both depreciation and (NIT) are deducted. So if (NIT) is non-zero, the difference is not only depreciation.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GNP_{MP}\) से \(NNP_{FC}\) तक depreciation और (NIT) दोनों घटते हैं। इसलिए (NIT) non-zero हो तो अंतर केवल depreciation नहीं होगा।
First \(NNP_{MP}=6400-420=5980\), then (NIT=5980-5700=280) crore. For missing (NIT), take the difference between MP and FC.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 280 करोड़ / 280 crore. First \(NNP_{MP}=6400-420=5980\), then (NIT=5980-5700=280) crore. For missing (NIT), take the difference between MP and FC.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पहले \(NNP_{MP}=6400-420=5980\), फिर (NIT=5980-5700=280) करोड़। Missing (NIT) के लिए MP और FC का अंतर लें।
B. कीमतों में वृद्धि का प्रभाव है/It reflects the effect of rising prices
Step 1
Concept
Nominal NNP is at current prices, so it can rise due to price rise. If real NNP is constant, real output has not increased.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is B. कीमतों में वृद्धि का प्रभाव है / It reflects the effect of rising prices. Nominal NNP is at current prices, so it can rise due to price rise. If real NNP is constant, real output has not increased.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal NNP current prices पर होता है इसलिए price rise से बढ़ सकता है। Real NNP constant हो तो वास्तविक उत्पादन नहीं बढ़ा।
A. उच्च NNP हमेशा समान वितरण नहीं दिखाता/Higher NNP does not always show equal distribution
Step 1
Concept
NNP shows total net income but not distribution. In welfare analysis, also check inequality and quality factors.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. उच्च NNP हमेशा समान वितरण नहीं दिखाता / Higher NNP does not always show equal distribution. NNP shows total net income but not distribution. In welfare analysis, also check inequality and quality factors.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP कुल शुद्ध आय दिखाता है लेकिन distribution नहीं दिखाता। Welfare analysis में inequality और quality factors भी देखें।
A. कर्मचारियों का पारिश्रमिक, परिचालन अधिशेष और मिश्रित आय/Compensation of employees, operating surplus and mixed income
Step 1
Concept
The income method adds factor incomes. Compensation, operating surplus and mixed income are key components.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. कर्मचारियों का पारिश्रमिक, परिचालन अधिशेष और मिश्रित आय / Compensation of employees, operating surplus and mixed income. The income method adds factor incomes. Compensation, operating surplus and mixed income are key components.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Income method में factor incomes का योग लिया जाता है। Compensation, operating surplus और mixed income प्रमुख घटक हैं।
First \(GNP_{FC}=4550+650=5200\), then \(GDP_{FC}=5200-150=5050\) crore. Deduct (NFIA) to move from national to domestic.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 5050 करोड़ / 5050 crore. First \(GNP_{FC}=4550+650=5200\), then \(GDP_{FC}=5200-150=5050\) crore. Deduct (NFIA) to move from national to domestic.
Step 3
Exam Tip
पहले \(GNP_{FC}=4550+650=5200\), फिर \(GDP_{FC}=5200-150=5050\) करोड़। National से domestic में (NFIA) घटाएं।
A. मूल्यह्रास जोड़ें और (NFIA) घटाएं/Add depreciation and deduct (NFIA)
Step 1
Concept
From \(NNP_{MP}\), add depreciation to make it gross and deduct (NFIA) to make it domestic. The MP basis remains the same.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास जोड़ें और (NFIA) घटाएं / Add depreciation and deduct (NFIA). From \(NNP_{MP}\), add depreciation to make it gross and deduct (NFIA) to make it domestic. The MP basis remains the same.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{MP}\) से gross बनाने के लिए depreciation जोड़ें और domestic बनाने के लिए (NFIA) घटाएं। MP basis वही रहता है।
\(GNP_{MP}=3400+480=3880\), then (GDP_{MP}=3880-(-120)=4000) crore. Deducting negative (NFIA) increases the value.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 4000 करोड़ / 4000 crore. \(GNP_{MP}=3400+480=3880\), then (GDP_{MP}=3880-(-120)=4000) crore. Deducting negative (NFIA) increases the value.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GNP_{MP}=3400+480=3880\), फिर (GDP_{MP}=3880-(-120)=4000) करोड़। Negative (NFIA) घटाने पर राशि बढ़ती है।
A. वे आवास सेवा प्रदान करते हैं जिसका अनुमानित मूल्य होता है/They provide housing service with an estimated value
Step 1
Concept
An owner-occupied house also provides housing service. Including imputed rent gives consistent valuation of similar services.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. वे आवास सेवा प्रदान करते हैं जिसका अनुमानित मूल्य होता है / They provide housing service with an estimated value. An owner-occupied house also provides housing service. Including imputed rent gives consistent valuation of similar services.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Owner-occupied house भी housing service देता है। Imputed rent जोड़ने से समान सेवाओं का consistent valuation होता है।
A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन है भले ही बाजार में न बेचा गया हो/Because it is current production even if not sold in the market
Step 1
Concept
Self-consumed output is production of the current year. Its estimated value can be included in national income.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वर्तमान उत्पादन है भले ही बाजार में न बेचा गया हो / Because it is current production even if not sold in the market. Self-consumed output is production of the current year. Its estimated value can be included in national income.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Self-consumed output वर्तमान वर्ष का उत्पादन है। उसका अनुमानित मूल्य राष्ट्रीय आय में लिया जा सकता है।
C. राष्ट्रीय ऋण पर ब्याज जैसा transfer-type payment/Transfer-type payment like interest on national debt
Step 1
Concept
Factor income is linked with productive service. Transfer-type payments are not rewards for contribution to current production.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is C. राष्ट्रीय ऋण पर ब्याज जैसा transfer-type payment / Transfer-type payment like interest on national debt. Factor income is linked with productive service. Transfer-type payments are not rewards for contribution to current production.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Factor income उत्पादन सेवा से जुड़ी होती है। Transfer-type payments वर्तमान उत्पादन में योगदान का प्रतिफल नहीं होते।
A. (GNP), (GDP) से अधिक होगा/(GNP) will be greater than (GDP)
Step 1
Concept
(GNP=GDP+NFIA). Positive (NFIA) makes the national aggregate larger than the domestic aggregate.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (GNP), (GDP) से अधिक होगा / (GNP) will be greater than (GDP). (GNP=GDP+NFIA). Positive (NFIA) makes the national aggregate larger than the domestic aggregate.
Step 3
Exam Tip
(GNP=GDP+NFIA) होता है। Positive (NFIA) national aggregate को domestic aggregate से बड़ा बनाता है।
A. (NFIA), मूल्यह्रास और (NIT)/(NFIA), depreciation and (NIT)
Step 1
Concept
From \(GDP_{MP}\) to \(NNP_{FC}\), adjustments for national, net and factor cost are applied. Hence (NFIA), depreciation and (NIT) are key.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (NFIA), मूल्यह्रास और (NIT) / (NFIA), depreciation and (NIT). From \(GDP_{MP}\) to \(NNP_{FC}\), adjustments for national, net and factor cost are applied. Hence (NFIA), depreciation and (NIT) are key.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GDP_{MP}\) से \(NNP_{FC}\) में national, net और factor cost के adjustment लगते हैं। इसलिए (NFIA), depreciation और (NIT) मुख्य हैं।
A. दोनों में अंतर (NIT) के कारण होता है/The difference between them is due to (NIT)
Step 1
Concept
MP and FC are valuation bases whose difference comes from net indirect taxes. Remember \(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोनों में अंतर (NIT) के कारण होता है / The difference between them is due to (NIT). MP and FC are valuation bases whose difference comes from net indirect taxes. Remember \(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
MP और FC valuation bases हैं जिनका अंतर net indirect taxes से आता है। \(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\) याद रखें।
\(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\). If \(NNP_{MP}\) is constant, rising (NIT) will reduce \(NNP_{FC}\).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. (NIT) बढ़ रहा है / (NIT) is increasing. \(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\). If \(NNP_{MP}\) is constant, rising (NIT) will reduce \(NNP_{FC}\).
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{FC}=NNP_{MP}-NIT\) है। \(NNP_{MP}\) स्थिर रहने पर (NIT) बढ़ने से \(NNP_{FC}\) घटेगा।
A. घिसी हुई पूंजी की भरपाई के लिए निवेश/Investment to replace worn-out capital
Step 1
Concept
Replacement investment compensates for depreciation. In NNP, depreciation is deducted from gross output to observe net output.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. घिसी हुई पूंजी की भरपाई के लिए निवेश / Investment to replace worn-out capital. Replacement investment compensates for depreciation. In NNP, depreciation is deducted from gross output to observe net output.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Replacement investment depreciation की भरपाई करता है। NNP में gross output से depreciation घटाकर net output देखा जाता है।
NNP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GNP. If GNP is constant and depreciation rises, NNP falls.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. NNP घटेगा / NNP will decrease. NNP is obtained by deducting depreciation from GNP. If GNP is constant and depreciation rises, NNP falls.
Step 3
Exam Tip
NNP, GNP से depreciation घटाकर मिलता है। GNP constant हो और depreciation बढ़े तो NNP घटता है।
A. Current price NNP nominal होता है और constant price NNP real होता है/Current price NNP is nominal and constant price NNP is real
Step 1
Concept
Current prices include price changes. Constant prices remove inflation effect and help in real comparison.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Current price NNP nominal होता है और constant price NNP real होता है / Current price NNP is nominal and constant price NNP is real. Current prices include price changes. Constant prices remove inflation effect and help in real comparison.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Current prices price changes को शामिल करते हैं। Constant prices inflation effect हटाकर real comparison में मदद करते हैं।
A. Real (NNP) लगभग स्थिर रहा/Real (NNP) remained almost constant
Step 1
Concept
If nominal growth is explained by price rise, real output has almost not increased. Price effect is removed in real NNP.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Real (NNP) लगभग स्थिर रहा / Real (NNP) remained almost constant. If nominal growth is explained by price rise, real output has almost not increased. Price effect is removed in real NNP.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Nominal वृद्धि यदि price rise से ही समझ आ रही है तो real output लगभग नहीं बढ़ा। Real NNP में price effect हटाया जाता है।
A. Normal depreciation नियमित घिसाव है जबकि accidental damage असामान्य capital loss हो सकता है/Normal depreciation is regular wear while accidental damage may be abnormal capital loss
Step 1
Concept
Depreciation is regular reduction of capital due to normal use. Abnormal damage may be treated separately as capital loss.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Normal depreciation नियमित घिसाव है जबकि accidental damage असामान्य capital loss हो सकता है / Normal depreciation is regular wear while accidental damage may be abnormal capital loss. Depreciation is regular reduction of capital due to normal use. Abnormal damage may be treated separately as capital loss.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Depreciation सामान्य उपयोग से पूंजी की नियमित कमी है। असामान्य क्षति को अलग capital loss के रूप में देखा जा सकता है।
A. क्योंकि वह current production और inventory investment का भाग है/Because it is part of current production and inventory investment
Step 1
Concept
Unsold final goods are also produced in the current year. They can be counted as inventory investment.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि वह current production और inventory investment का भाग है / Because it is part of current production and inventory investment. Unsold final goods are also produced in the current year. They can be counted as inventory investment.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Unsold final goods भी वर्तमान वर्ष में उत्पादित होते हैं। उन्हें inventory investment के रूप में गिना जा सकता है।
The value of intermediate goods is included in final goods. Adding them separately counts the same value twice.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. दोहरी गणना / Double counting. The value of intermediate goods is included in final goods. Adding them separately counts the same value twice.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Intermediate goods का मूल्य final goods में शामिल हो जाता है। अलग से जोड़ने पर वही value दो बार गिनी जाएगी।
Per capita value is obtained by dividing total NNP by population. If population grows faster, average income may fall.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह घट सकता है / It may fall. Per capita value is obtained by dividing total NNP by population. If population grows faster, average income may fall.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Per capita value कुल NNP को population से भाग देकर मिलती है। Population तेजी से बढ़े तो average income घट सकती है।
\(NNP_{MP}=8200+400=8600\), so depreciation (=9000-8600=400) crore. In reverse conversion, correct the valuation basis first.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. 400 करोड़ / 400 crore. \(NNP_{MP}=8200+400=8600\), so depreciation (=9000-8600=400) crore. In reverse conversion, correct the valuation basis first.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{MP}=8200+400=8600\), इसलिए depreciation (=9000-8600=400) करोड़। Reverse conversion में पहले valuation basis ठीक करें।
A. जब depreciation बहुत अधिक हो/When depreciation is very high
Step 1
Concept
\(GNP_{MP}-NNP_{MP}=Depreciation\). The higher the depreciation, the larger the difference.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. जब depreciation बहुत अधिक हो / When depreciation is very high. \(GNP_{MP}-NNP_{MP}=Depreciation\). The higher the depreciation, the larger the difference.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(GNP_{MP}-NNP_{MP}=Depreciation\) होता है। Depreciation जितना अधिक होगा, अंतर उतना अधिक होगा।
A. यह (NFIA) में outward factor payment के रूप में घटती है/It is deducted as outward factor payment in (NFIA)
Step 1
Concept
Factor income paid to foreigners is not retained in national income. It reduces (NFIA).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. यह (NFIA) में outward factor payment के रूप में घटती है / It is deducted as outward factor payment in (NFIA). Factor income paid to foreigners is not retained in national income. It reduces (NFIA).
Step 3
Exam Tip
विदेशियों को दी गई factor income राष्ट्रीय आय में शामिल नहीं रहती। यह (NFIA) को कम करती है।
A. Depreciation जोड़ें, (NFIA) घटाएं और (NIT) जोड़ें/Add depreciation, deduct (NFIA) and add (NIT)
Step 1
Concept
From \(NNP_{FC}\), add depreciation for gross, deduct (NFIA) for domestic and add (NIT) for MP. In reverse questions, signs change with direction.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. Depreciation जोड़ें, (NFIA) घटाएं और (NIT) जोड़ें / Add depreciation, deduct (NFIA) and add (NIT). From \(NNP_{FC}\), add depreciation for gross, deduct (NFIA) for domestic and add (NIT) for MP. In reverse questions, signs change with direction.
Step 3
Exam Tip
\(NNP_{FC}\) से gross के लिए depreciation जोड़ें, domestic के लिए (NFIA) घटाएं और MP के लिए (NIT) जोड़ें। Reverse questions में दिशा बदलते ही signs बदलते हैं।
A. क्योंकि उसी से domestic-national, gross-net और MP-FC adjustments तय होते हैं/Because it determines domestic-national, gross-net and MP-FC adjustments
Step 1
Concept
The base aggregate tells which conversion is pending. Then signs of (NFIA), depreciation and (NIT) can be applied correctly.
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. क्योंकि उसी से domestic-national, gross-net और MP-FC adjustments तय होते हैं / Because it determines domestic-national, gross-net and MP-FC adjustments. The base aggregate tells which conversion is pending. Then signs of (NFIA), depreciation and (NIT) can be applied correctly.
Step 3
Exam Tip
Base aggregate बताता है कि कौन-सा conversion बाकी है। फिर (NFIA), depreciation और (NIT) के signs सही लगते हैं।
Because \(NNP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}+NFIA-Depreciation-NIT\). Rearrange the formula to find missing (NFIA).
Step 2
Why this answer is correct
The correct answer is A. \(NFIA=NNP_{FC}-GDP_{MP}+Depreciation+NIT\). Because \(NNP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}+NFIA-Depreciation-NIT\). Rearrange the formula to find missing (NFIA).
Step 3
Exam Tip
क्योंकि \(NNP_{FC}=GDP_{MP}+NFIA-Depreciation-NIT\) है। सूत्र को rearrange करके missing (NFIA) निकालें।
