Class 12 Economics - National Income and Related Aggregates - Aggregates related to national income - NDP Hard Quiz

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यदि (C = 1200), (I = 450), (G = 300), (X = 180) और (M = 220) है, तो व्यय विधि से \(GDP_{MP}\) कितना होगा?

If (C = 1200), (I = 450), (G = 300), (X = 180) and (M = 220), what will be \(GDP_{MP}\) by the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹1,910

Step 1

Concept

(GDP_{MP} = C + I + G + (X - M)). Here (1200 + 450 + 300 - 40 = 1910).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹1,910. (GDP_{MP} = C + I + G + (X - M)). Here (1200 + 450 + 300 - 40 = 1910).

Step 3

Exam Tip

(GDP_{MP} = C + I + G + (X - M)) होता है। यहां (1200 + 450 + 300 - 40 = 1910) है।

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व्यय विधि में अंतिम उपभोग व्यय और मध्यवर्ती व्यय को अलग करना क्यों जरूरी है?

Why is it necessary to separate final consumption expenditure and intermediate expenditure in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. दोहरी गणना से बचने के लिएTo avoid double counting

Step 1

Concept

The value of intermediate goods is included in final goods. Adding them separately causes double counting.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. दोहरी गणना से बचने के लिए / To avoid double counting. The value of intermediate goods is included in final goods. Adding them separately causes double counting.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मध्यवर्ती वस्तुओं का मूल्य अंतिम वस्तुओं में शामिल हो जाता है। इसलिए उन्हें अलग से जोड़ने पर दोहरी गणना होती है।

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एक फर्म ने ₹8,00,000 की मशीन खरीदी, ₹1,20,000 का कच्चा माल खरीदा और ₹50,000 की मरम्मत सेवा ली। व्यय विधि में अंतिम निवेश के रूप में कौन सा मद शामिल होगा?

A firm purchased a machine for ₹8,00,000, raw material for ₹1,20,000 and repair service for ₹50,000. Which item will be included as final investment in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. केवल मशीनOnly machine

Step 1

Concept

A new machine is a capital good, so it is investment. Raw material and ordinary repair may be intermediate costs of production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. केवल मशीन / Only machine. A new machine is a capital good, so it is investment. Raw material and ordinary repair may be intermediate costs of production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नई मशीन पूंजीगत वस्तु है इसलिए निवेश है। कच्चा माल और सामान्य मरम्मत उत्पादन की मध्यवर्ती लागत हो सकते हैं।

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यदि सकल निवेश ₹900 करोड़ और मूल्यह्रास ₹160 करोड़ है, तो शुद्ध निवेश कितना होगा?

If gross investment is ₹900 crore and depreciation is ₹160 crore, what will be net investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹740 करोड़₹740 crore

Step 1

Concept

Net investment is (Gross Investment - Depreciation). Therefore (900 - 160 = 740) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹740 करोड़ / ₹740 crore. Net investment is (Gross Investment - Depreciation). Therefore (900 - 160 = 740) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश (Gross Investment - Depreciation) होता है। इसलिए (900 - 160 = 740) करोड़।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP} = ₹4,500\) करोड़, मूल्यह्रास ₹400 करोड़, शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹300 करोड़ और (NFIA = ₹100) करोड़ है, तो राष्ट्रीय आय कितनी होगी?

If \(GDP_{MP} = ₹4,500\) crore, depreciation is ₹400 crore, net indirect tax is ₹300 crore and (NFIA = ₹100) crore, what is national income?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

B. ₹3,900 करोड़₹3,900 crore

Step 1

Concept

First \(NDP_{FC} = 4500 - 400 - 300 = 3800\). National income will be (3800 + 100 = 3900) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. ₹3,900 करोड़ / ₹3,900 crore. First \(NDP_{FC} = 4500 - 400 - 300 = 3800\). National income will be (3800 + 100 = 3900) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पहले \(NDP_{FC} = 4500 - 400 - 300 = 3800\) है। राष्ट्रीय आय (3800 + 100 = 3900) करोड़ होगी।

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व्यय विधि में पुरानी संपत्ति की खरीद को बाहर रखा जाता है, पर दलाली शुल्क शामिल हो सकता है। इसका कारण क्या है?

In the expenditure method, purchase of an old asset is excluded but brokerage fee may be included. What is the reason?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. पुरानी संपत्ति चालू उत्पादन नहीं, पर दलाली चालू सेवा हैOld asset is not current production but brokerage is current service

Step 1

Concept

The old asset was produced earlier. The broker's service is a service produced in the current year.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पुरानी संपत्ति चालू उत्पादन नहीं, पर दलाली चालू सेवा है / Old asset is not current production but brokerage is current service. The old asset was produced earlier. The broker's service is a service produced in the current year.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरानी संपत्ति का उत्पादन पहले हो चुका है। दलाल की सेवा चालू वर्ष में उत्पन्न सेवा है।

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यदि (C = 950), (I = 300), (G = 250), (X = 140), (M = 210), मूल्यह्रास ₹80 और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹60 है, तो \(NDP_{FC}\) कितना होगा?

If (C = 950), (I = 300), (G = 250), (X = 140), (M = 210), depreciation is ₹80 and net indirect tax is ₹60, what will be \(NDP_{FC}\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

C. ₹1,300

Step 1

Concept

\(GDP_{MP} = 950 + 300 + 250 - 70 = 1430\). \(NDP_{FC} = 1430 - 80 - 60 = 1290\), so the correct calculated value is ₹1,290.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. ₹1,300. \(GDP_{MP} = 950 + 300 + 250 - 70 = 1430\). \(NDP_{FC} = 1430 - 80 - 60 = 1290\), so the correct calculated value is ₹1,290.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(GDP_{MP} = 950 + 300 + 250 - 70 = 1430\) है। \(NDP_{FC} = 1430 - 80 - 60 = 1290\), इसलिए दिए विकल्पों में कोई निकट नहीं; सही गणना ₹1,290 है।

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सरकार द्वारा वृद्धावस्था पेंशन देने को सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय क्यों नहीं माना जाता?

Why is old-age pension paid by the government not treated as government final consumption expenditure?

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Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि यह बिना वस्तु या सेवा के बदले हस्तांतरण भुगतान हैBecause it is a transfer payment without receiving a good or service

Step 1

Concept

The government does not receive a current production service in return for pension. Hence it is not added to final expenditure.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह बिना वस्तु या सेवा के बदले हस्तांतरण भुगतान है / Because it is a transfer payment without receiving a good or service. The government does not receive a current production service in return for pension. Hence it is not added to final expenditure.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पेंशन के बदले सरकार को कोई चालू उत्पादन सेवा नहीं मिलती। इसलिए इसे अंतिम व्यय में नहीं जोड़ा जाता।

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निम्न में से कौन सा व्यय व्यय विधि में सकल स्थिर पूंजी निर्माण का भाग है?

Which of the following expenditure is a part of gross fixed capital formation in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. नया पुल निर्माणConstruction of a new bridge

Step 1

Concept

A new bridge creates a fixed capital asset. Therefore it is included in gross fixed capital formation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. नया पुल निर्माण / Construction of a new bridge. A new bridge creates a fixed capital asset. Therefore it is included in gross fixed capital formation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नया पुल स्थिर पूंजीगत संपत्ति बनाता है। इसलिए यह सकल स्थिर पूंजी निर्माण में शामिल होगा।

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यदि अंतिम स्टॉक ₹2,40,000 और आरंभिक स्टॉक ₹1,75,000 है, तो स्टॉक परिवर्तन का निवेश पर क्या प्रभाव होगा?

If closing stock is ₹2,40,000 and opening stock is ₹1,75,000, what will be the effect of change in stock on investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹65,000 की वृद्धिIncrease of ₹65,000

Step 1

Concept

Change in stock is (Closing Stock - Opening Stock). (240000 - 175000 = 65000) is positive investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹65,000 की वृद्धि / Increase of ₹65,000. Change in stock is (Closing Stock - Opening Stock). (240000 - 175000 = 65000) is positive investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

स्टॉक परिवर्तन (Closing Stock - Opening Stock) होता है। (240000 - 175000 = 65000) धनात्मक निवेश है।

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किस स्थिति में परिवार द्वारा कार की खरीद निजी उपभोग नहीं बल्कि निवेश मानी जा सकती है?

In which situation can purchase of a car by a household be treated not as private consumption but as investment?

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Correct Answer

A. जब कार टैक्सी सेवा देने के लिए खरीदी जाएWhen the car is bought to provide taxi service

Step 1

Concept

A car bought to provide production service is a capital good. The category of expenditure can change based on use.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. जब कार टैक्सी सेवा देने के लिए खरीदी जाए / When the car is bought to provide taxi service. A car bought to provide production service is a capital good. The category of expenditure can change based on use.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उत्पादन सेवा देने के लिए खरीदी गई कार पूंजीगत वस्तु है। उपयोग के आधार पर व्यय की श्रेणी बदल सकती है।

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यदि निर्यात ₹520 करोड़ और आयात ₹680 करोड़ हैं, तो शुद्ध निर्यात का \(GDP_{MP}\) पर प्रभाव क्या होगा?

If exports are ₹520 crore and imports are ₹680 crore, what will be the effect of net exports on \(GDP_{MP}\)?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹160 करोड़ घटेगाIt will reduce by ₹160 crore

Step 1

Concept

Net exports are (520 - 680 = -160) crore. Negative net exports reduce \(GDP_{MP}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹160 करोड़ घटेगा / It will reduce by ₹160 crore. Net exports are (520 - 680 = -160) crore. Negative net exports reduce \(GDP_{MP}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निर्यात (520 - 680 = -160) करोड़ है। ऋणात्मक शुद्ध निर्यात \(GDP_{MP}\) को घटाता है।

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व्यय विधि में भारत में बने सॉफ्टवेयर को विदेशी ग्राहक को बेचने पर इसे किस घटक में रखा जाएगा?

In the expenditure method, selling software made in India to a foreign customer will be placed in which component?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. निर्यातExports

Step 1

Concept

The foreign customer's spending is on domestic output. Hence it will be included in exports.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. निर्यात / Exports. The foreign customer's spending is on domestic output. Hence it will be included in exports.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विदेशी ग्राहक का खर्च घरेलू उत्पादन पर है। इसलिए यह निर्यात में शामिल होगा।

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किसी भारतीय कंपनी द्वारा विदेशी क्लाउड सेवा खरीदने पर व्यय विधि में कौन सा समायोजन होगा?

When an Indian company buys a foreign cloud service, what adjustment occurs in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. आयात में शामिल कर घटाया जाएगाIt will be included in imports and deducted

Step 1

Concept

Domestic spending on a foreign service is an import. Imports are deducted while calculating domestic product.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. आयात में शामिल कर घटाया जाएगा / It will be included in imports and deducted. Domestic spending on a foreign service is an import. Imports are deducted while calculating domestic product.

Step 3

Exam Tip

विदेशी सेवा पर घरेलू व्यय आयात है। घरेलू उत्पाद निकालते समय आयात घटता है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP} = ₹6,000\), मूल्यह्रास ₹500, शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹700 और (NFIA = ₹-150) है, तो राष्ट्रीय आय कितनी होगी?

If \(GDP_{MP} = ₹6,000\), depreciation is ₹500, net indirect tax is ₹700 and (NFIA = ₹-150), what is national income?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹4,650

Step 1

Concept

\(NDP_{FC} = 6000 - 500 - 700 = 4800\). National income is (4800 - 150 = 4650).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹4,650. \(NDP_{FC} = 6000 - 500 - 700 = 4800\). National income is (4800 - 150 = 4650).

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(NDP_{FC} = 6000 - 500 - 700 = 4800\) है। राष्ट्रीय आय (4800 - 150 = 4650) है।

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व्यय विधि में वित्तीय निवेश और वास्तविक निवेश में मुख्य अंतर क्या है?

What is the main difference between financial investment and real investment in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. वास्तविक निवेश नई पूंजीगत वस्तु बनाता हैReal investment creates new capital goods

Step 1

Concept

Real capital formation is added to national income. Buying shares or bonds is a financial claim, not a new productive asset.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वास्तविक निवेश नई पूंजीगत वस्तु बनाता है / Real investment creates new capital goods. Real capital formation is added to national income. Buying shares or bonds is a financial claim, not a new productive asset.

Step 3

Exam Tip

राष्ट्रीय आय में वास्तविक पूंजी निर्माण को जोड़ा जाता है। शेयर या बांड खरीद वित्तीय दावा है, नई उत्पादन संपत्ति नहीं।

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यदि परिवार द्वारा खरीदा गया आयातित मोबाइल (C) में शामिल हो गया है, तो \(GDP_{MP}\) में सही परिणाम के लिए क्या किया जाता है?

If an imported mobile bought by a household is included in (C), what is done for the correct \(GDP_{MP}\) result?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. उसे (M) में घटाया जाता हैIt is deducted through (M)

Step 1

Concept

Spending on an imported good may enter (C), but it should not be counted as domestic output. Therefore imports (M) are deducted.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. उसे (M) में घटाया जाता है / It is deducted through (M). Spending on an imported good may enter (C), but it should not be counted as domestic output. Therefore imports (M) are deducted.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(C) में आयातित वस्तु का खर्च आ सकता है, पर घरेलू उत्पादन में नहीं गिना जाना चाहिए। इसलिए आयात (M) घटाया जाता है।

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यदि सरकारी सड़क निर्माण खर्च को गलती से सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय में डाल दिया जाए, तो सही वर्गीकरण क्या होगा?

If government road construction spending is wrongly put under government final consumption expenditure, what is the correct classification?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. सरकारी पूंजी निर्माणGovernment capital formation

Step 1

Concept

Road construction creates a long-term public capital asset. It should be treated as government investment or capital formation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सरकारी पूंजी निर्माण / Government capital formation. Road construction creates a long-term public capital asset. It should be treated as government investment or capital formation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सड़क निर्माण दीर्घकालीन सार्वजनिक पूंजीगत संपत्ति बनाता है। इसे सरकारी निवेश या पूंजी निर्माण में रखना चाहिए।

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किसी फर्म द्वारा खरीदे गए तैयार माल को पुनर्विक्रय के लिए स्टॉक में रखा गया। व्यय विधि में इसे कैसे समझेंगे?

Finished goods bought by a firm are kept in stock for resale. How will this be understood in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. व्यापारिक स्टॉक से जुड़ा निवेश हो सकता हैIt may be investment related to trading stock

Step 1

Concept

For the firm, goods for resale are not final consumption. Increase in stock may appear as investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. व्यापारिक स्टॉक से जुड़ा निवेश हो सकता है / It may be investment related to trading stock. For the firm, goods for resale are not final consumption. Increase in stock may appear as investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

फर्म के लिए पुनर्विक्रय माल अंतिम उपभोग नहीं है। स्टॉक में वृद्धि निवेश के रूप में दिख सकती है।

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यदि उपभोग व्यय में पुरानी वस्तु की खरीद ₹40,000 शामिल हो गई है और उस पर एजेंट शुल्क ₹5,000 छूट गया है, तो सही अंतिम व्यय पर शुद्ध सुधार क्या होगा?

If consumption expenditure wrongly includes purchase of an old good ₹40,000 and omits agent fee ₹5,000, what is the net correction to final expenditure?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹35,000 घटाना होगाDeduct ₹35,000

Step 1

Concept

Value of the old good is removed and current service fee is added. Net correction is ( -40000 + 5000 = -35000).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹35,000 घटाना होगा / Deduct ₹35,000. Value of the old good is removed and current service fee is added. Net correction is ( -40000 + 5000 = -35000).

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुरानी वस्तु का मूल्य हटेगा और चालू सेवा शुल्क जुड़ेगा। शुद्ध सुधार ( -40000 + 5000 = -35000) है।

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यदि (C = ₹2,000), (I = ₹600), (G = ₹500), (X = ₹300), (M = ₹450), मूल्यह्रास ₹200, शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹250 और (NFIA = ₹-50), तो राष्ट्रीय आय कितनी होगी?

If (C = ₹2,000), (I = ₹600), (G = ₹500), (X = ₹300), (M = ₹450), depreciation is ₹200, net indirect tax ₹250 and (NFIA = ₹-50), what is national income?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹2,450

Step 1

Concept

\(GDP_{MP} = 2000 + 600 + 500 - 150 = 2950\). National income is (2950 - 200 - 250 - 50 = 2450).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹2,450. \(GDP_{MP} = 2000 + 600 + 500 - 150 = 2950\). National income is (2950 - 200 - 250 - 50 = 2450).

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(GDP_{MP} = 2000 + 600 + 500 - 150 = 2950\) है। राष्ट्रीय आय (2950 - 200 - 250 - 50 = 2450) है।

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व्यय विधि में स्वयं के उपयोग के लिए किसान द्वारा रखा गया अनाज कैसे माना जा सकता है?

How can grain kept by a farmer for own use be treated in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. अनुमानित मूल्य पर अंतिम उपभोग में शामिलIncluded in final consumption at imputed value

Step 1

Concept

Production for own use is also current output. Its imputed market value can be taken in final consumption.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. अनुमानित मूल्य पर अंतिम उपभोग में शामिल / Included in final consumption at imputed value. Production for own use is also current output. Its imputed market value can be taken in final consumption.

Step 3

Exam Tip

स्वयं उपयोग का उत्पादन भी चालू उत्पादन है। इसका अनुमानित बाजार मूल्य अंतिम उपभोग में लिया जा सकता है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) से केवल मूल्यह्रास घटाया गया, तो कौन सा माप प्राप्त होगा?

If only depreciation is deducted from \(GDP_{MP}\), which measure is obtained?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(NDP_{MP}\)

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is deducted to move from gross to net. Market price remains, so the measure is \(NDP_{MP}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. \(NDP_{MP}\). Depreciation is deducted to move from gross to net. Market price remains, so the measure is \(NDP_{MP}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल से शुद्ध बनाने के लिए मूल्यह्रास घटाया जाता है। बाजार मूल्य अभी भी बना रहता है, इसलिए माप \(NDP_{MP}\) है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) से मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर दोनों घटाए गए, तो कौन सा माप मिलेगा?

If both depreciation and net indirect taxes are deducted from \(GDP_{MP}\), which measure is obtained?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. \(NDP_{FC}\)

Step 1

Concept

Deducting depreciation gives a net measure and deducting net indirect taxes gives factor cost. Hence the result is \(NDP_{FC}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. \(NDP_{FC}\). Deducting depreciation gives a net measure and deducting net indirect taxes gives factor cost. Hence the result is \(NDP_{FC}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास घटाने से शुद्ध माप और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर घटाने से साधन लागत मिलती है। इसलिए परिणाम \(NDP_{FC}\) है।

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यदि \(NDP_{FC}\) ₹3,200 करोड़ और (NFIA) ₹-120 करोड़ है, तो राष्ट्रीय आय कितनी होगी?

If \(NDP_{FC}\) is ₹3,200 crore and (NFIA) is ₹-120 crore, what is national income?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹3,080 करोड़₹3,080 crore

Step 1

Concept

National income is \(NDP_{FC} + NFIA\). (3200 - 120 = 3080) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹3,080 करोड़ / ₹3,080 crore. National income is \(NDP_{FC} + NFIA\). (3200 - 120 = 3080) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

राष्ट्रीय आय \(NDP_{FC} + NFIA\) होती है। (3200 - 120 = 3080) करोड़।

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किस मद को निजी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय में शामिल नहीं करना चाहिए?

Which item should not be included in private final consumption expenditure?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. फर्म द्वारा खरीदा गया कच्चा मालRaw material purchased by a firm

Step 1

Concept

A firm's raw material is a production input, not final consumption. Private final consumption is linked to final use by households.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. फर्म द्वारा खरीदा गया कच्चा माल / Raw material purchased by a firm. A firm's raw material is a production input, not final consumption. Private final consumption is linked to final use by households.

Step 3

Exam Tip

फर्म का कच्चा माल उत्पादन इनपुट है, अंतिम उपभोग नहीं। निजी अंतिम उपभोग परिवारों के अंतिम उपयोग से जुड़ा होता है।

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यदि (C) में परिवारों द्वारा खरीदी गई आयातित वस्तुएं शामिल हैं, तो (X - M) जोड़ने से क्या सुनिश्चित होता है?

If (C) includes imported goods bought by households, what does adding (X - M) ensure?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. केवल घरेलू उत्पादन ही (GDP) में रहेOnly domestic production remains in (GDP)

Step 1

Concept

Deducting imports removes the effect of foreign production. This keeps (GDP) based on domestic production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. केवल घरेलू उत्पादन ही (GDP) में रहे / Only domestic production remains in (GDP). Deducting imports removes the effect of foreign production. This keeps (GDP) based on domestic production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

आयात घटाने से विदेशी उत्पादन का प्रभाव हटता है। इससे (GDP) घरेलू उत्पादन पर आधारित रहता है।

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सरकारी अस्पताल में मुफ्त सेवा देने के लिए सरकार द्वारा दवाइयां और वेतन पर खर्च किससे संबंधित है?

Government spending on medicines and salaries to provide free service in a government hospital is related to what?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्ययGovernment final consumption expenditure

Step 1

Concept

The government is providing final health service. Its cost is counted under government final consumption expenditure.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय / Government final consumption expenditure. The government is providing final health service. Its cost is counted under government final consumption expenditure.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सरकार अंतिम स्वास्थ्य सेवा उपलब्ध करा रही है। उसकी लागत सरकारी अंतिम उपभोग व्यय में गिनी जाती है।

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व्यय विधि में घरेलू नौकर को दिया गया वेतन शामिल हो सकता है, लेकिन परिवार के सदस्य का अवैतनिक काम नहीं। इसका कारण क्या है?

Salary paid to a domestic servant may be included, but unpaid work by a family member is not. What is the reason?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. वेतनभोगी सेवा बाजार सेवा है, अवैतनिक घरेलू सेवा का मूल्यांकन कठिन हैPaid service is market service, unpaid domestic service is difficult to value

Step 1

Concept

Paid domestic service is a market transaction. Unpaid household work is generally kept outside the production boundary.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वेतनभोगी सेवा बाजार सेवा है, अवैतनिक घरेलू सेवा का मूल्यांकन कठिन है / Paid service is market service, unpaid domestic service is difficult to value. Paid domestic service is a market transaction. Unpaid household work is generally kept outside the production boundary.

Step 3

Exam Tip

वेतनभोगी घरेलू सेवा बाजार लेन-देन है। अवैतनिक घरेलू कार्य को सामान्यतः उत्पादन सीमा से बाहर रखा जाता है।

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यदि सरकार ₹500 करोड़ वेतन पर और ₹200 करोड़ नई इमारतों पर खर्च करती है, तो व्यय विधि में सही वर्गीकरण क्या है?

If the government spends ₹500 crore on salaries and ₹200 crore on new buildings, what is the correct classification in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. वेतन सरकारी उपभोग, इमारतें सरकारी पूंजी निर्माणSalaries are government consumption, buildings are government capital formation

Step 1

Concept

Salaries help provide government services and new buildings create capital assets. Hence they are placed in different components.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वेतन सरकारी उपभोग, इमारतें सरकारी पूंजी निर्माण / Salaries are government consumption, buildings are government capital formation. Salaries help provide government services and new buildings create capital assets. Hence they are placed in different components.

Step 3

Exam Tip

वेतन से सरकारी सेवाएं प्रदान होती हैं और नई इमारतें पूंजीगत संपत्ति बनाती हैं। इसलिए दोनों अलग घटकों में रखे जाते हैं।

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यदि अंतिम स्टॉक आरंभिक स्टॉक से ₹90,000 कम है, तो निवेश में स्टॉक परिवर्तन कैसे दर्ज होगा?

If closing stock is ₹90,000 less than opening stock, how will change in stock be recorded in investment?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹90,000 ऋणात्मक₹90,000 negative

Step 1

Concept

When stock decreases, change in stock is negative. It is taken as a deduction in investment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹90,000 ऋणात्मक / ₹90,000 negative. When stock decreases, change in stock is negative. It is taken as a deduction in investment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

स्टॉक घटने पर स्टॉक परिवर्तन ऋणात्मक होता है। इसे निवेश में घटाव के रूप में लिया जाता है।

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एक कंपनी ने ₹10 लाख का नया उपकरण खरीदा और ₹2 लाख के पुराने उपकरण खरीदे। व्यय विधि में निवेश के रूप में कितना शामिल होगा?

A company bought new equipment worth ₹10 lakh and old equipment worth ₹2 lakh. How much will be included as investment in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹10 लाख₹10 lakh

Step 1

Concept

New equipment is a current year capital good. The value of old equipment has already been counted in earlier production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹10 लाख / ₹10 lakh. New equipment is a current year capital good. The value of old equipment has already been counted in earlier production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नया उपकरण चालू वर्ष की पूंजीगत वस्तु है। पुराने उपकरण का मूल्य पहले के उत्पादन में गिना जा चुका है।

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यदि पुराने उपकरण की खरीद पर ₹20,000 इंस्टॉलेशन सेवा शुल्क दिया गया, तो व्यय विधि में इसका व्यवहार क्या होगा?

If ₹20,000 installation service fee is paid on purchase of old equipment, how will it be treated in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. चालू वर्ष की सेवा के रूप में शामिल हो सकता हैIt may be included as current year service

Step 1

Concept

The value of old equipment is not included, but installation service is a current year service. Hence service fee may be included.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. चालू वर्ष की सेवा के रूप में शामिल हो सकता है / It may be included as current year service. The value of old equipment is not included, but installation service is a current year service. Hence service fee may be included.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पुराने उपकरण का मूल्य शामिल नहीं होता, पर इंस्टॉलेशन सेवा चालू वर्ष की सेवा है। इसलिए सेवा शुल्क शामिल हो सकता है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) ₹2,800 करोड़ है और \(NDP_{FC}\) ₹2,300 करोड़ है, जबकि मूल्यह्रास ₹250 करोड़ है, तो शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर कितना है?

If \(GDP_{MP}\) is ₹2,800 crore and \(NDP_{FC}\) is ₹2,300 crore, while depreciation is ₹250 crore, what is net indirect tax?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹250 करोड़₹250 crore

Step 1

Concept

\(NDP_{FC} = GDP_{MP} - Depreciation - NIT\). (NIT = 2800 - 250 - 2300 = 250) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹250 करोड़ / ₹250 crore. \(NDP_{FC} = GDP_{MP} - Depreciation - NIT\). (NIT = 2800 - 250 - 2300 = 250) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(NDP_{FC} = GDP_{MP} - Depreciation - NIT\) है। (NIT = 2800 - 250 - 2300 = 250) करोड़।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) ₹3,600 करोड़, \(NDP_{FC}\) ₹3,050 करोड़ और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर ₹250 करोड़ है, तो मूल्यह्रास कितना होगा?

If \(GDP_{MP}\) is ₹3,600 crore, \(NDP_{FC}\) is ₹3,050 crore and net indirect tax is ₹250 crore, what is depreciation?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹300 करोड़₹300 crore

Step 1

Concept

\(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC} - NIT\). (3600 - 3050 - 250 = 300) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹300 करोड़ / ₹300 crore. \(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC} - NIT\). (3600 - 3050 - 250 = 300) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC} - NIT\) है। (3600 - 3050 - 250 = 300) करोड़।

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व्यय विधि में उपहार में मिली राशि को क्यों शामिल नहीं किया जाता?

Why is money received as a gift not included in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि यह चालू वस्तु या सेवा पर अंतिम खर्च नहीं हैBecause it is not final spending on a current good or service

Step 1

Concept

A gift is only a transfer of income. No new output is purchased in return.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह चालू वस्तु या सेवा पर अंतिम खर्च नहीं है / Because it is not final spending on a current good or service. A gift is only a transfer of income. No new output is purchased in return.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उपहार केवल आय का हस्तांतरण है। इसके बदले कोई नया उत्पादन नहीं खरीदा गया।

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यदि परिवार ने ₹70,000 की नई वस्तु खरीदी और उसे अगले वर्ष बेच दिया, तो चालू वर्ष की व्यय विधि में क्या शामिल होगा?

If a household buys a new good for ₹70,000 and sells it next year, what is included in the current year's expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. चालू वर्ष में नई वस्तु की खरीद शामिल होगीPurchase of the new good in current year will be included

Step 1

Concept

Purchase of the new good in the current year is final expenditure. Resale next year will be a transaction of an old good.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. चालू वर्ष में नई वस्तु की खरीद शामिल होगी / Purchase of the new good in current year will be included. Purchase of the new good in the current year is final expenditure. Resale next year will be a transaction of an old good.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नई वस्तु की चालू वर्ष में खरीद अंतिम व्यय है। अगले वर्ष पुनर्विक्रय पुरानी वस्तु का लेन-देन होगा।

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निम्न में से कौन सा (C) और (I) के बीच सही अंतर बताता है?

Which correctly states the difference between (C) and (I)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (C) अंतिम उपभोग है और (I) पूंजी निर्माण है(C) is final consumption and (I) is capital formation

Step 1

Concept

(C) shows households' final consumption. (I) shows new capital and change in stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (C) अंतिम उपभोग है और (I) पूंजी निर्माण है / (C) is final consumption and (I) is capital formation. (C) shows households' final consumption. (I) shows new capital and change in stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(C) परिवारों के अंतिम उपभोग को दिखाता है। (I) नई पूंजी और स्टॉक परिवर्तन को दिखाता है।

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यदि निजी उपभोग ₹1,500, सरकारी उपभोग ₹600, सकल पूंजी निर्माण ₹700, निर्यात ₹250 और आयात ₹350 हैं, तो \(GDP_{MP}\) कितना होगा?

If private consumption is ₹1,500, government consumption ₹600, gross capital formation ₹700, exports ₹250 and imports ₹350, what is \(GDP_{MP}\)?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. ₹2,700

Step 1

Concept

(GDP_{MP} = 1500 + 700 + 600 + (250 - 350) = 2700). Do not forget to deduct imports.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹2,700. (GDP_{MP} = 1500 + 700 + 600 + (250 - 350) = 2700). Do not forget to deduct imports.

Step 3

Exam Tip

(GDP_{MP} = 1500 + 700 + 600 + (250 - 350) = 2700) है। आयात को घटाना न भूलें।

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व्यय विधि में सरकारी ब्याज भुगतान को आमतौर पर अंतिम उत्पादन व्यय क्यों नहीं माना जाता?

Why is government interest payment generally not treated as final production expenditure in the expenditure method?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि यह वित्तीय भुगतान है, वस्तु या सेवा की खरीद नहींBecause it is a financial payment, not purchase of a good or service

Step 1

Concept

Interest payment is not direct purchase of a final good or service. Expenditure method adds final spending on production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि यह वित्तीय भुगतान है, वस्तु या सेवा की खरीद नहीं / Because it is a financial payment, not purchase of a good or service. Interest payment is not direct purchase of a final good or service. Expenditure method adds final spending on production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ब्याज भुगतान किसी अंतिम वस्तु या सेवा की सीधी खरीद नहीं है। व्यय विधि में उत्पादन पर अंतिम खर्च जोड़ा जाता है।

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यदि किसी देश में (C), (I) और (G) सब घरेलू और आयातित वस्तुओं पर खर्च शामिल करते हैं, तो घरेलू उत्पाद के लिए किस घटक का विशेष महत्व है?

If (C), (I) and (G) include spending on both domestic and imported goods, which component is especially important for domestic product?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. (M) को घटानाDeducting (M)

Step 1

Concept

Deducting imports removes foreign output. This makes (GDP) measure only domestic production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. (M) को घटाना / Deducting (M). Deducting imports removes foreign output. This makes (GDP) measure only domestic production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

आयात घटाने से विदेशी उत्पादन हटता है। इससे (GDP) केवल घरेलू उत्पादन को मापता है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) ₹5,200 करोड़ और \(NDP_{MP}\) ₹4,750 करोड़ है, तो पूंजी उपभोग या मूल्यह्रास कितना है?

If \(GDP_{MP}\) is ₹5,200 crore and \(NDP_{MP}\) is ₹4,750 crore, what is consumption of fixed capital or depreciation?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹450 करोड़₹450 crore

Step 1

Concept

\(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{MP}\). (5200 - 4750 = 450) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹450 करोड़ / ₹450 crore. \(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{MP}\). (5200 - 4750 = 450) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(Depreciation = GDP_{MP} - NDP_{MP}\) है। (5200 - 4750 = 450) करोड़।

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यदि \(NDP_{MP}\) ₹4,750 करोड़ और \(NDP_{FC}\) ₹4,300 करोड़ है, तो शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर कितना है?

If \(NDP_{MP}\) is ₹4,750 crore and \(NDP_{FC}\) is ₹4,300 crore, what is net indirect tax?

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Correct Answer

A. ₹450 करोड़₹450 crore

Step 1

Concept

\(NIT = NDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC}\). (4750 - 4300 = 450) crore.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. ₹450 करोड़ / ₹450 crore. \(NIT = NDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC}\). (4750 - 4300 = 450) crore.

Step 3

Exam Tip

\(NIT = NDP_{MP} - NDP_{FC}\) होता है। (4750 - 4300 = 450) करोड़।

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व्यय विधि से राष्ट्रीय आय निकालते समय (NFIA) कब जोड़ा जाता है?

When is (NFIA) added while finding national income by the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. घरेलू आय \(NDP_{FC}\) प्राप्त होने के बादAfter domestic income \(NDP_{FC}\) is obtained

Step 1

Concept

The expenditure method first gives domestic product. To get national income, (NFIA) is added to \(NDP_{FC}\).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. घरेलू आय \(NDP_{FC}\) प्राप्त होने के बाद / After domestic income \(NDP_{FC}\) is obtained. The expenditure method first gives domestic product. To get national income, (NFIA) is added to \(NDP_{FC}\).

Step 3

Exam Tip

व्यय विधि पहले घरेलू उत्पाद देती है। राष्ट्रीय आय पाने के लिए \(NDP_{FC}\) में (NFIA) जोड़ा जाता है।

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यदि (NFIA) ऋणात्मक है, तो \(NDP_{FC}\) से राष्ट्रीय आय पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ेगा?

If (NFIA) is negative, what will be the effect on national income from \(NDP_{FC}\)?

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Correct Answer

A. राष्ट्रीय आय \(NDP_{FC}\) से कम होगीNational income will be less than \(NDP_{FC}\)

Step 1

Concept

Negative (NFIA) means factor income paid abroad is higher. Therefore national income decreases.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. राष्ट्रीय आय \(NDP_{FC}\) से कम होगी / National income will be less than \(NDP_{FC}\). Negative (NFIA) means factor income paid abroad is higher. Therefore national income decreases.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ऋणात्मक (NFIA) का अर्थ है विदेश को दी गई साधन आय अधिक है। इसलिए राष्ट्रीय आय घटती है।

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यदि \(GDP_{MP}\) को सीधे राष्ट्रीय आय मान लिया जाए, तो कौन से दो मुख्य समायोजन छूट सकते हैं?

If \(GDP_{MP}\) is directly treated as national income, which two main adjustments may be missed?

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Correct Answer

A. मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर के साथ (NFIA)Depreciation and net indirect taxes along with (NFIA)

Step 1

Concept

For national income, adjustments from gross to net, market price to factor cost and domestic to national are needed. Keep all three in mind.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर के साथ (NFIA) / Depreciation and net indirect taxes along with (NFIA). For national income, adjustments from gross to net, market price to factor cost and domestic to national are needed. Keep all three in mind.

Step 3

Exam Tip

राष्ट्रीय आय के लिए सकल से शुद्ध, बाजार मूल्य से साधन लागत और घरेलू से राष्ट्रीय समायोजन चाहिए। इसलिए तीनों समायोजन ध्यान रखें।

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निम्न में से कौन सा व्यय विधि में अंतिम व्यय के रूप में सही है?

Which of the following is correct as final expenditure in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. परिवार द्वारा खरीदी गई स्वास्थ्य सेवाHealth service purchased by household

Step 1

Concept

Health service is bought by the household for final use. The other items are intermediate inputs used in production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. परिवार द्वारा खरीदी गई स्वास्थ्य सेवा / Health service purchased by household. Health service is bought by the household for final use. The other items are intermediate inputs used in production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

परिवार द्वारा स्वास्थ्य सेवा अंतिम उपयोग के लिए खरीदी जाती है। बाकी मद उत्पादन में खर्च होने वाले मध्यवर्ती इनपुट हैं।

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यदि किसी कंपनी ने विदेश से मशीन आयात की, तो व्यय विधि में सकल निवेश और आयात पर क्या प्रभाव होगा?

If a company imports a machine from abroad, what is the effect on gross investment and imports in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. सकल निवेश बढ़ेगा और आयात भी बढ़ेगाGross investment increases and imports also increase

Step 1

Concept

The machine enters investment as a capital good, but because it is foreign output, it is deducted as import. This prevents overstatement of domestic production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सकल निवेश बढ़ेगा और आयात भी बढ़ेगा / Gross investment increases and imports also increase. The machine enters investment as a capital good, but because it is foreign output, it is deducted as import. This prevents overstatement of domestic production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मशीन पूंजीगत वस्तु होने से निवेश में आती है, पर विदेशी उत्पादन होने से आयात में घटती है। इससे घरेलू उत्पादन गलत नहीं बढ़ता।

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यदि घरेलू अर्थव्यवस्था में बने नए ट्रैक्टर को किसान ने खरीदा, तो व्यय विधि में यह किसमें शामिल होगा?

If a farmer buys a new tractor produced in the domestic economy, where will it be included in the expenditure method?

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Correct Answer

A. निवेश व्ययInvestment expenditure

Step 1

Concept

A tractor is a capital good used in production for many years. Therefore its purchase by a farmer is investment expenditure.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. निवेश व्यय / Investment expenditure. A tractor is a capital good used in production for many years. Therefore its purchase by a farmer is investment expenditure.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ट्रैक्टर उत्पादन में कई वर्षों तक उपयोग होने वाली पूंजीगत वस्तु है। इसलिए किसान द्वारा खरीद निवेश व्यय है।

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व्यय विधि में सही अंतिम सावधानी कौन सी है जब प्रश्न में (C), (I), (G), (X), (M), मूल्यह्रास, कर और (NFIA) सभी दिए हों?

What is the correct final precaution in the expenditure method when (C), (I), (G), (X), (M), depreciation, taxes and (NFIA) are all given?

Explanation opens after your attempt
Correct Answer

A. पहले \(GDP_{MP}\), फिर \(NDP_{FC}\), फिर राष्ट्रीय आय निकालेंFirst find \(GDP_{MP}\), then \(NDP_{FC}\), then national income

Step 1

Concept

Keeping the sequence correct reduces errors. First (C + I + G + (X - M)), then deduct depreciation and net indirect taxes and add (NFIA).

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पहले \(GDP_{MP}\), फिर \(NDP_{FC}\), फिर राष्ट्रीय आय निकालें / First find \(GDP_{MP}\), then \(NDP_{FC}\), then national income. Keeping the sequence correct reduces errors. First (C + I + G + (X - M)), then deduct depreciation and net indirect taxes and add (NFIA).

Step 3

Exam Tip

क्रम सही रखने से गलती कम होती है। पहले (C + I + G + (X - M)), फिर मूल्यह्रास और शुद्ध अप्रत्यक्ष कर घटाकर (NFIA) जोड़ें।

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