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Geography

Star formation, formation of planets, and our solar system

In this Class 11 Geography topic from “The Origin and Evolution of the Earth,” students explore how stars form from vast clouds of gas and dust and how planets emerge from the material surrounding a young star. They examine the formation and organisation of the solar system, including the Sun, planets, satellites, asteroids and comets, while connecting these processes with Earth’s place, structure and early development within the wider universe.

Expert · Level 5 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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  1. It always becomes a planet
  2. Gravitational contraction can dominate internal pressure in it
  3. It is immediately destroyed by solar wind
  4. It contains no matter
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  1. They can support gas and slow down collapse
  2. They turn planets into the Sun
  3. They completely remove gravity
  4. They turn all dust into water
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  1. It can compress a dense cloud and trigger gravitational collapse
  2. It stops planetary orbits
  3. It makes the Sun solid
  4. It makes comets into oceans
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  1. Only from stable hydrogen fusion
  2. From reflected light of planets
  3. From gravitational energy of falling material
  4. From lunar tides
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  1. Problem of removing angular momentum
  2. Problem of deciding planet colors
  3. Problem of forming oceans
  4. Problem of making asteroids stars
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  1. By removing gas and dust through strong stellar winds
  2. By turning planets into fixed rocks
  3. By pushing the Sun out of orbit
  4. By making the Moon a gas giant
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  1. Gas giants get limited time to capture gas
  2. All planets get zero mass
  3. Birth of the Sun stops
  4. Rocky planets are always destroyed
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  1. It increases the chance of collision and growth of solid grains
  2. It makes the Sun smaller
  3. It makes gas completely invisible
  4. It throws planets out of orbit
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  1. Some solid particles may drift toward the Sun before becoming large planetesimals
  2. The Sun moves away from planets
  3. Planets lose gravity
  4. Comets always remain stationary
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  1. They trap particles and increase the chance of forming larger bodies
  2. They extinguish the Sun
  3. They remove gas from all planets
  4. They make orbits square
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  1. The Sun becoming solid
  2. Formation of a sufficiently large solid core while gas disk remains available
  3. Breaking of the Moon
  4. Melting of all ice
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  1. Planets may form by direct gravitational fragmentation of parts of the gas disk
  2. Planets form only from oceans
  3. Gas giants do not form
  4. The Sun forms from Earth
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  1. Some larger bodies dominate nearby smaller bodies and grow
  2. All particles disappear equally
  3. Planet formation stops
  4. Oceans come directly from the Sun
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  1. Fragmentation and scattering of material
  2. Cooling of the Sun
  3. A planet becoming a star
  4. Complete end of orbit
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  1. Extra supply of some heavy elements by external bodies after core formation
  2. Oceans forming before the Sun
  3. Earth separating from Jupiter
  4. The Moon becoming a gas giant
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  1. Events of dust grains being rapidly heated and then cooled
  2. Formation of modern rainfall
  3. Sun breaking from Earth
  4. Only evaporation of oceans
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  1. They are counted among the oldest solid solar materials
  2. They are made from modern plants
  3. They form only in Earth's oceans
  4. They come from the present core of the Sun
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  1. It estimates the age of old solid materials
  2. It increases planetary brightness
  3. It changes dust into gas
  4. It stops orbits
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  1. Large scale molten condition of Earth's outer layer
  2. Earth becoming completely ice
  3. The Sun becoming an ocean
  4. Jupiter becoming a rocky planet
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  1. Heavy iron sinking toward the center and forming the core
  2. Oxygen disappearing from the atmosphere
  3. Oceans moving into the Sun
  4. Comets becoming planets
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  1. From debris of early Earth and a large impacting body
  2. Directly from Jupiter's gases
  3. From the solid surface layer of the Sun
  4. Only from dust of the Oort Cloud
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  1. Because a large impact can explain both motion and debris
  2. Because the Moon is a star
  3. Because Earth does not orbit
  4. Because the Sun is lighter than planets
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  1. High temperature giant impact and later material loss
  2. Formation of Saturn's rings
  3. Cause of Mars's red color
  4. Increase in Jupiter's mass
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  1. Because planetary orbital distances can change after formation
  2. Because planets never move
  3. Because the Sun orbits Earth
  4. Because all planets are fixed at one place
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  1. Jupiter
  2. Mercury
  3. Venus
  4. Neptune

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