Class 9 History Easy Quiz

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उन्नीसवीं सदी में यूरोप में सामाजिक बदलाव की बहस मुख्य रूप से किन विचारधाराओं के बीच हुई?

In the nineteenth century the debate on social change in Europe mainly took place among which ideologies?

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Correct Answer

A. उदारवादी कट्टरपंथी और रूढ़िवादीLiberals radicals and conservatives

Step 1

Concept

At this time liberals radicals and conservatives wanted different kinds of change. Exam tip: remember the differences among the three ideologies.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. उदारवादी कट्टरपंथी और रूढ़िवादी / Liberals radicals and conservatives. At this time liberals radicals and conservatives wanted different kinds of change. Exam tip: remember the differences among the three ideologies.

Step 3

Exam Tip

इस समय यूरोप में उदारवादी कट्टरपंथी और रूढ़िवादी अलग अलग बदलाव चाहते थे। परीक्षा में तीनों विचारधाराओं के अंतर याद रखें।

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उदारवादी किस प्रकार की शासन व्यवस्था चाहते थे?

What kind of government did liberals want?

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Correct Answer

A. चुनी हुई संसद वाली सरकारGovernment with an elected parliament

Step 1

Concept

Liberals supported representative and parliamentary government. Exam tip: connect liberalism with parliament.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. चुनी हुई संसद वाली सरकार / Government with an elected parliament. Liberals supported representative and parliamentary government. Exam tip: connect liberalism with parliament.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी प्रतिनिधि और संसदीय शासन का समर्थन करते थे। परीक्षा में उदारवाद को संसद से जोड़ें।

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उदारवादी सभी धर्मों के बारे में क्या मानते थे?

What did liberals believe about all religions?

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Correct Answer

A. सभी धर्मों का सम्मान होना चाहिएAll religions should be respected

Step 1

Concept

Liberals supported religious tolerance. Exam tip: connect liberalism with secular thinking.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सभी धर्मों का सम्मान होना चाहिए / All religions should be respected. Liberals supported religious tolerance. Exam tip: connect liberalism with secular thinking.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी धार्मिक सहिष्णुता का समर्थन करते थे। परीक्षा में उदारवाद को धर्मनिरपेक्ष सोच से जोड़ें।

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उदारवादी क्या समाप्त करना चाहते थे?

What did liberals want to end?

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Correct Answer

A. वंशानुगत शासकों की निरंकुश शक्तिAbsolute power of hereditary rulers

Step 1

Concept

Liberals opposed unchecked power of hereditary rulers. Exam tip: remember the contrast between absolutism and liberalism.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वंशानुगत शासकों की निरंकुश शक्ति / Absolute power of hereditary rulers. Liberals opposed unchecked power of hereditary rulers. Exam tip: remember the contrast between absolutism and liberalism.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी वंशानुगत शासकों की अनियंत्रित शक्ति के विरोधी थे। परीक्षा में निरंकुशता और उदारवाद का विरोध याद रखें।

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उदारवादी शुरुआती दौर में लोकतांत्रिक क्यों नहीं माने जाते थे?

Why were liberals not considered democrats in the early period?

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Correct Answer

A. वे सार्वभौमिक वयस्क मताधिकार के पक्ष में नहीं थेThey did not support universal adult franchise

Step 1

Concept

Liberals wanted voting rights mainly for men of property. Exam tip: understand the difference between liberals and democracy.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वे सार्वभौमिक वयस्क मताधिकार के पक्ष में नहीं थे / They did not support universal adult franchise. Liberals wanted voting rights mainly for men of property. Exam tip: understand the difference between liberals and democracy.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी केवल संपत्ति वाले पुरुषों को मताधिकार देना चाहते थे। परीक्षा में उदारवादी और लोकतंत्र का अंतर समझें।

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उदारवादी महिलाओं के मताधिकार के बारे में क्या सोचते थे?

What did liberals think about women's right to vote?

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Correct Answer

A. वे महिलाओं को मताधिकार देने के पक्ष में नहीं थेThey were not in favour of giving women the vote

Step 1

Concept

Liberals limited voting rights to men of property. Exam tip: note the point of women's suffrage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वे महिलाओं को मताधिकार देने के पक्ष में नहीं थे / They were not in favour of giving women the vote. Liberals limited voting rights to men of property. Exam tip: note the point of women's suffrage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी मताधिकार को संपत्ति वाले पुरुषों तक सीमित रखते थे। परीक्षा में महिला मताधिकार का बिंदु ध्यान रखें।

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कई कट्टरपंथी महिलाओं के मताधिकार के बारे में क्या सोचते थे?

What did many radicals think about women's suffrage?

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Correct Answer

A. वे महिलाओं के मताधिकार का समर्थन करते थेThey supported women's suffrage

Step 1

Concept

Many radicals supported the women's suffrage movement. Exam tip: connect radicals with women's suffrage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वे महिलाओं के मताधिकार का समर्थन करते थे / They supported women's suffrage. Many radicals supported the women's suffrage movement. Exam tip: connect radicals with women's suffrage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कई कट्टरपंथी महिलाओं के मताधिकार आंदोलन का समर्थन करते थे। परीक्षा में कट्टरपंथी और महिला मताधिकार जोड़ें।

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कट्टरपंथी किस विशेषाधिकार का विरोध करते थे?

Which privileges did radicals oppose?

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Correct Answer

A. जमींदारों और अमीर कारखाना मालिकों के विशेषाधिकारPrivileges of landowners and rich factory owners

Step 1

Concept

Radicals disliked concentration of wealth and privileges. Exam tip: remember their opposition to privileges.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. जमींदारों और अमीर कारखाना मालिकों के विशेषाधिकार / Privileges of landowners and rich factory owners. Radicals disliked concentration of wealth and privileges. Exam tip: remember their opposition to privileges.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कट्टरपंथी संपत्ति के अत्यधिक केंद्रीकरण और विशेषाधिकारों से नाराज थे। परीक्षा में विशेषाधिकार विरोध को याद रखें।

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कट्टरपंथी निजी संपत्ति के बारे में पूरी तरह क्या नहीं चाहते थे?

What did radicals not completely want about private property?

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Correct Answer

A. वे निजी संपत्ति को पूरी तरह समाप्त नहीं करना चाहते थेThey did not want to abolish private property completely

Step 1

Concept

Radicals were not fully against private property but opposed concentration of wealth. Exam tip: remember this subtle difference.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वे निजी संपत्ति को पूरी तरह समाप्त नहीं करना चाहते थे / They did not want to abolish private property completely. Radicals were not fully against private property but opposed concentration of wealth. Exam tip: remember this subtle difference.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कट्टरपंथी निजी संपत्ति के खिलाफ पूरी तरह नहीं थे बल्कि धन के केंद्रीकरण के खिलाफ थे। परीक्षा में यह सूक्ष्म अंतर याद रखें।

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रूढ़िवादी सामान्य रूप से किस बात के विरोधी थे?

What did conservatives generally oppose?

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Correct Answer

A. तेज और अचानक बदलावFast and sudden change

Step 1

Concept

Conservatives feared rapid change and valued tradition. Exam tip: connect conservatism with slow change.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. तेज और अचानक बदलाव / Fast and sudden change. Conservatives feared rapid change and valued tradition. Exam tip: connect conservatism with slow change.

Step 3

Exam Tip

रूढ़िवादी तेज बदलाव से डरते थे और परंपरा को महत्व देते थे। परीक्षा में रूढ़िवाद को धीमे बदलाव से जोड़ें।

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फ्रांसीसी क्रांति के बाद रूढ़िवादियों की सोच में क्या बदलाव आया?

What change came in conservative thinking after the French Revolution?

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Correct Answer

A. वे मानने लगे कि कुछ बदलाव जरूरी हो सकते हैंThey began to accept that some change could be necessary

Step 1

Concept

Conservatives came to favour gradual rather than total rejection of change. Exam tip: remember the impact of the French Revolution.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वे मानने लगे कि कुछ बदलाव जरूरी हो सकते हैं / They began to accept that some change could be necessary. Conservatives came to favour gradual rather than total rejection of change. Exam tip: remember the impact of the French Revolution.

Step 3

Exam Tip

रूढ़िवादी बदलाव को पूरी तरह नकारने के बजाय धीरे लाने के पक्ष में हुए। परीक्षा में फ्रांसीसी क्रांति का प्रभाव याद रखें।

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रूढ़िवादी बदलाव कैसे लाना चाहते थे?

How did conservatives want change to be brought?

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Correct Answer

A. धीरे धीरे और अतीत का सम्मान रखते हुएSlowly and with respect for the past

Step 1

Concept

Conservatives wanted gradual change while respecting the past. Exam tip: remember gradual change.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. धीरे धीरे और अतीत का सम्मान रखते हुए / Slowly and with respect for the past. Conservatives wanted gradual change while respecting the past. Exam tip: remember gradual change.

Step 3

Exam Tip

रूढ़िवादी अतीत का सम्मान करते हुए धीरे बदलाव चाहते थे। परीक्षा में धीमे बदलाव को याद रखें।

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औद्योगिक समाज में मजदूरों की एक प्रमुख समस्या क्या थी?

What was one major problem of workers in industrial society?

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Correct Answer

A. लंबे काम के घंटे और कम मजदूरीLong working hours and low wages

Step 1

Concept

In industrial society workers worked in difficult conditions. Exam tip: remember working hours and wages.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. लंबे काम के घंटे और कम मजदूरी / Long working hours and low wages. In industrial society workers worked in difficult conditions. Exam tip: remember working hours and wages.

Step 3

Exam Tip

औद्योगिक समाज में मजदूर कठिन परिस्थितियों में काम करते थे। परीक्षा में काम के घंटे और मजदूरी याद रखें।

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औद्योगिक समाज में महिलाएँ और बच्चे कहाँ काम करते थे?

Where did women and children work in industrial society?

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Correct Answer

A. कारखानों मेंIn factories

Step 1

Concept

Women and children also worked in factories under hard conditions. Exam tip: remember the wide nature of industrial labour.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कारखानों में / In factories. Women and children also worked in factories under hard conditions. Exam tip: remember the wide nature of industrial labour.

Step 3

Exam Tip

महिलाएँ और बच्चे भी कारखानों में कठिन काम करते थे। परीक्षा में औद्योगिक मजदूरी की व्यापकता याद रखें।

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औद्योगिक क्रांति ने समाज में किस नई समस्या को बढ़ाया?

Which new problem did the Industrial Revolution increase in society?

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Correct Answer

A. मजदूरों की खराब जीवन और काम की स्थितिPoor living and working conditions of workers

Step 1

Concept

Industrial Revolution increased workers' difficulties. Exam tip: connect industrial society with workers' problems.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मजदूरों की खराब जीवन और काम की स्थिति / Poor living and working conditions of workers. Industrial Revolution increased workers' difficulties. Exam tip: connect industrial society with workers' problems.

Step 3

Exam Tip

औद्योगिक क्रांति से कामगारों की कठिनाइयाँ बढ़ीं। परीक्षा में औद्योगिक समाज और मजदूर समस्याएँ जोड़ें।

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समाजवादी निजी संपत्ति की आलोचना क्यों करते थे?

Why did socialists criticise private property?

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Correct Answer

A. क्योंकि इससे कुछ लोगों को लाभ और कई लोगों को गरीबी मिलती थीBecause it gave profit to few and poverty to many

Step 1

Concept

Socialists saw private property as a cause of inequality. Exam tip: connect private property with inequality.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि इससे कुछ लोगों को लाभ और कई लोगों को गरीबी मिलती थी / Because it gave profit to few and poverty to many. Socialists saw private property as a cause of inequality. Exam tip: connect private property with inequality.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी निजी संपत्ति को असमानता का कारण मानते थे। परीक्षा में निजी संपत्ति और असमानता जोड़ें।

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समाजवादी समाज के लिए किस बात पर बल देते थे?

What did socialists emphasise for society?

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Correct Answer

A. सामूहिक हित और सहयोगCollective interest and cooperation

Step 1

Concept

Socialists wanted cooperation and collective welfare in society. Exam tip: connect socialism with collectivity.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सामूहिक हित और सहयोग / Collective interest and cooperation. Socialists wanted cooperation and collective welfare in society. Exam tip: connect socialism with collectivity.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी समाज में सहयोग और सामूहिक भलाई चाहते थे। परीक्षा में समाजवाद को सामूहिकता से जोड़ें।

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रॉबर्ट ओवेन ने अमेरिका में कौन सा सहकारी समुदाय बनाने का प्रयास किया?

Which cooperative community did Robert Owen try to build in America?

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Correct Answer

A. न्यू हार्मनीNew Harmony

Step 1

Concept

Owen tried to build a cooperative community named New Harmony in America. Exam tip: remember both name and idea.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. न्यू हार्मनी / New Harmony. Owen tried to build a cooperative community named New Harmony in America. Exam tip: remember both name and idea.

Step 3

Exam Tip

ओवेन ने अमेरिका में न्यू हार्मनी नामक सहकारी समुदाय बनाने का प्रयास किया। परीक्षा में नाम और विचार दोनों याद रखें।

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लुई ब्लांक मजदूरों की मदद के लिए क्या चाहते थे?

What did Louis Blanc want to help workers?

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Correct Answer

A. सरकार सहकारी संस्थाओं को प्रोत्साहित करेGovernment should encourage cooperatives

Step 1

Concept

Louis Blanc wanted the government to set up or encourage cooperatives. Exam tip: connect Blanc with state-supported cooperatives.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सरकार सहकारी संस्थाओं को प्रोत्साहित करे / Government should encourage cooperatives. Louis Blanc wanted the government to set up or encourage cooperatives. Exam tip: connect Blanc with state-supported cooperatives.

Step 3

Exam Tip

लुई ब्लांक चाहते थे कि सरकार सहकारी संस्थाएँ बनाए या बढ़ावा दे। परीक्षा में ब्लांक को सरकारी सहायता वाली सहकारिता से जोड़ें।

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समाजवादी सहकारी संस्थाओं को क्यों पसंद करते थे?

Why did socialists like cooperatives?

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A. क्योंकि उनमें लोग मिलकर काम और लाभ बाँट सकते थेBecause people could work together and share benefits

Step 1

Concept

Cooperatives were based on cooperation and shared benefit. Exam tip: remember the link between cooperatives and socialism.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. क्योंकि उनमें लोग मिलकर काम और लाभ बाँट सकते थे / Because people could work together and share benefits. Cooperatives were based on cooperation and shared benefit. Exam tip: remember the link between cooperatives and socialism.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सहकारी संस्थाएँ सहयोग और साझा लाभ पर आधारित थीं। परीक्षा में सहकारिता और समाजवाद का संबंध याद रखें।

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कार्ल मार्क्स और फ्रेडरिक एंगेल्स किस विचारधारा से जुड़े थे?

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were associated with which ideology?

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Correct Answer

A. समाजवादSocialism

Step 1

Concept

Marx and Engels were major thinkers of socialist ideas. Exam tip: connect both names with socialism.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. समाजवाद / Socialism. Marx and Engels were major thinkers of socialist ideas. Exam tip: connect both names with socialism.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मार्क्स और एंगेल्स समाजवादी विचारों के प्रमुख विचारक थे। परीक्षा में इन दोनों नामों को समाजवाद से जोड़ें।

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मार्क्स के अनुसार पूँजीवादी समाज में मुख्य संघर्ष किनके बीच था?

According to Marx what was the main conflict in capitalist society?

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A. पूँजीपतियों और मजदूरों के बीचBetween capitalists and workers

Step 1

Concept

Marx stressed the conflict between capitalists and workers. Exam tip: remember class struggle.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पूँजीपतियों और मजदूरों के बीच / Between capitalists and workers. Marx stressed the conflict between capitalists and workers. Exam tip: remember class struggle.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मार्क्स ने पूँजीपति और मजदूर वर्ग के संघर्ष पर बल दिया। परीक्षा में वर्ग संघर्ष याद रखें।

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मार्क्स के अनुसार मजदूरों का शोषण कौन करता था?

According to Marx who exploited the workers?

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Correct Answer

A. पूँजीपतिCapitalists

Step 1

Concept

According to Marx capitalists profited from workers' labour. Exam tip: remember capitalist-worker relation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पूँजीपति / Capitalists. According to Marx capitalists profited from workers' labour. Exam tip: remember capitalist-worker relation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मार्क्स के अनुसार पूँजीपति मजदूरों के श्रम से लाभ कमाते थे। परीक्षा में पूँजीपति और मजदूर संबंध याद रखें।

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समाजवादी विचार यूरोप में क्यों लोकप्रिय होने लगे?

Why did socialist ideas become popular in Europe?

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Correct Answer

A. मजदूरों की खराब स्थिति और असमानता के कारणBecause of workers' poor conditions and inequality

Step 1

Concept

Problems of industrial society made socialism attractive. Exam tip: connect workers' problems with socialism.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मजदूरों की खराब स्थिति और असमानता के कारण / Because of workers' poor conditions and inequality. Problems of industrial society made socialism attractive. Exam tip: connect workers' problems with socialism.

Step 3

Exam Tip

औद्योगिक समाज की समस्याओं ने समाजवाद को आकर्षक बनाया। परीक्षा में मजदूर समस्या और समाजवाद जोड़ें।

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मजदूर संगठन किस उद्देश्य से बनाए गए?

For what purpose were workers' associations formed?

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Correct Answer

A. बेहतर मजदूरी और काम की स्थितियों के लिएFor better wages and working conditions

Step 1

Concept

Workers' associations tried to protect workers' interests. Exam tip: connect associations with workers' rights.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. बेहतर मजदूरी और काम की स्थितियों के लिए / For better wages and working conditions. Workers' associations tried to protect workers' interests. Exam tip: connect associations with workers' rights.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मजदूर संगठनों ने मजदूर हितों की रक्षा की कोशिश की। परीक्षा में संगठन और मजदूर अधिकार जोड़ें।

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समाजवादी दल किस वर्ग के अधिकारों पर विशेष बल देते थे?

Socialist parties gave special emphasis to the rights of which class?

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Correct Answer

A. मजदूर वर्गWorking class

Step 1

Concept

Socialist parties talked about workers' rights and equality. Exam tip: connect socialism with working class.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मजदूर वर्ग / Working class. Socialist parties talked about workers' rights and equality. Exam tip: connect socialism with working class.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी दल मजदूरों के अधिकार और समानता की बात करते थे। परीक्षा में समाजवाद और मजदूर वर्ग जोड़ें।

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दूसरा इंटरनेशनल किससे जुड़ा था?

The Second International was connected with what?

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A. समाजवादियों और मजदूर संगठनों का अंतरराष्ट्रीय संगठनInternational organisation of socialists and workers' groups

Step 1

Concept

The Second International linked socialist and workers' organisations. Exam tip: remember it as an international socialist organisation.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. समाजवादियों और मजदूर संगठनों का अंतरराष्ट्रीय संगठन / International organisation of socialists and workers' groups. The Second International linked socialist and workers' organisations. Exam tip: remember it as an international socialist organisation.

Step 3

Exam Tip

दूसरा इंटरनेशनल समाजवादी और मजदूर संगठनों को जोड़ता था। परीक्षा में इसे अंतरराष्ट्रीय समाजवादी संगठन के रूप में याद रखें।

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उदारवादी और कट्टरपंथी दोनों किसके विरोधी थे?

Both liberals and radicals opposed what?

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A. वंशानुगत शासकों के विशेषाधिकारPrivileges of hereditary rulers

Step 1

Concept

Both opposed old privileges but their democratic ideas differed. Exam tip: remember both similarity and difference.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वंशानुगत शासकों के विशेषाधिकार / Privileges of hereditary rulers. Both opposed old privileges but their democratic ideas differed. Exam tip: remember both similarity and difference.

Step 3

Exam Tip

दोनों पुराने विशेषाधिकारों के विरोधी थे पर उनके लोकतांत्रिक विचार अलग थे। परीक्षा में समानता और अंतर दोनों याद रखें।

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उदारवादी और कट्टरपंथी में एक मुख्य अंतर क्या था?

What was one main difference between liberals and radicals?

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A. कट्टरपंथी अधिक व्यापक मताधिकार चाहते थेRadicals wanted wider voting rights

Step 1

Concept

Radicals supported majority-based government and wider rights. Exam tip: remember the difference in suffrage.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कट्टरपंथी अधिक व्यापक मताधिकार चाहते थे / Radicals wanted wider voting rights. Radicals supported majority-based government and wider rights. Exam tip: remember the difference in suffrage.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कट्टरपंथी बहुमत आधारित सरकार और व्यापक अधिकारों के पक्ष में थे। परीक्षा में मताधिकार का अंतर याद रखें।

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रूढ़िवादी अतीत के बारे में क्या मानते थे?

What did conservatives believe about the past?

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Correct Answer

A. अतीत का सम्मान होना चाहिएThe past should be respected

Step 1

Concept

Conservatives valued tradition and the past. Exam tip: connect conservatism with tradition.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. अतीत का सम्मान होना चाहिए / The past should be respected. Conservatives valued tradition and the past. Exam tip: connect conservatism with tradition.

Step 3

Exam Tip

रूढ़िवादी परंपरा और अतीत को महत्व देते थे। परीक्षा में रूढ़िवाद को परंपरा से जोड़ें।

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औद्योगिक समाज में बेरोजगारी की समस्या कब अधिक बढ़ सकती थी?

When could the problem of unemployment increase more in industrial society?

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A. आर्थिक मंदी के समयDuring economic downturns

Step 1

Concept

In industrial society unemployment rose during downturns. Exam tip: connect industrial problems with unemployment.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. आर्थिक मंदी के समय / During economic downturns. In industrial society unemployment rose during downturns. Exam tip: connect industrial problems with unemployment.

Step 3

Exam Tip

औद्योगिक समाज में मंदी आने पर बेरोजगारी बढ़ती थी। परीक्षा में औद्योगिक समस्या और बेरोजगारी जोड़ें।

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मजदूरों के लिए खराब आवास और सफाई किस समस्या का हिस्सा थे?

Poor housing and sanitation for workers were part of which problem?

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A. औद्योगिक शहरों की सामाजिक समस्याSocial problem of industrial towns

Step 1

Concept

Workers' living conditions in industrial towns were difficult. Exam tip: connect housing and sanitation with workers' life.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. औद्योगिक शहरों की सामाजिक समस्या / Social problem of industrial towns. Workers' living conditions in industrial towns were difficult. Exam tip: connect housing and sanitation with workers' life.

Step 3

Exam Tip

औद्योगिक शहरों में मजदूरों की जीवन स्थिति कठिन थी। परीक्षा में आवास और सफाई को मजदूर जीवन से जोड़ें।

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समाजवादियों के अनुसार समाज में असमानता का एक बड़ा कारण क्या था?

According to socialists what was a major cause of inequality in society?

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Correct Answer

A. निजी संपत्तिPrivate property

Step 1

Concept

Socialists linked private property with social inequality. Exam tip: remember criticism of private property.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. निजी संपत्ति / Private property. Socialists linked private property with social inequality. Exam tip: remember criticism of private property.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी निजी संपत्ति को सामाजिक असमानता से जोड़ते थे। परीक्षा में निजी संपत्ति की आलोचना याद रखें।

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समाजवादी कारखानों और संपत्ति का नियंत्रण किसके हाथ में देखना चाहते थे?

In whose hands did socialists want control of factories and property?

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A. समाज या समुदाय के हाथ मेंIn the hands of society or community

Step 1

Concept

Socialists stressed collective control and common welfare. Exam tip: understand collective ownership.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. समाज या समुदाय के हाथ में / In the hands of society or community. Socialists stressed collective control and common welfare. Exam tip: understand collective ownership.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी सामूहिक नियंत्रण और साझा भलाई पर बल देते थे। परीक्षा में सामूहिक स्वामित्व का अर्थ समझें।

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सहकारी संस्था का सरल अर्थ क्या है?

What is the simple meaning of a cooperative?

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A. लोग मिलकर काम करें और लाभ बाँटेंPeople work together and share benefits

Step 1

Concept

A cooperative involves shared work and shared benefit. Exam tip: keep cooperation as the key word.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. लोग मिलकर काम करें और लाभ बाँटें / People work together and share benefits. A cooperative involves shared work and shared benefit. Exam tip: keep cooperation as the key word.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सहकारिता में साझा काम और साझा लाभ होता है। परीक्षा में सहयोग को मुख्य शब्द रखें।

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लुई ब्लांक के अनुसार सहकारी संस्थाओं को कौन बढ़ावा दे सकता था?

According to Louis Blanc who could encourage cooperatives?

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Correct Answer

A. सरकारGovernment

Step 1

Concept

Louis Blanc wanted cooperatives with government support. Exam tip: remember the link between Blanc and government.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. सरकार / Government. Louis Blanc wanted cooperatives with government support. Exam tip: remember the link between Blanc and government.

Step 3

Exam Tip

लुई ब्लांक सरकारी सहायता से सहकारिता चाहते थे। परीक्षा में ब्लांक और सरकार का संबंध याद रखें।

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कार्ल मार्क्स के विचार में इतिहास किस संघर्ष से प्रभावित होता है?

In Karl Marx's view history is influenced by which struggle?

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Correct Answer

A. वर्ग संघर्षClass struggle

Step 1

Concept

Marx considered class struggle an important force in history. Exam tip: remember the term class struggle.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वर्ग संघर्ष / Class struggle. Marx considered class struggle an important force in history. Exam tip: remember the term class struggle.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मार्क्स ने वर्ग संघर्ष को इतिहास की महत्वपूर्ण शक्ति माना। परीक्षा में वर्ग संघर्ष शब्द याद रखें।

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मार्क्स के अनुसार पूँजीपति किस चीज के मालिक होते थे?

According to Marx capitalists owned what?

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A. पूँजी और उत्पादन के साधनCapital and means of production

Step 1

Concept

Capitalists owned means of production and workers worked for them. Exam tip: remember means of production.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पूँजी और उत्पादन के साधन / Capital and means of production. Capitalists owned means of production and workers worked for them. Exam tip: remember means of production.

Step 3

Exam Tip

पूँजीपति उत्पादन के साधनों के मालिक होते थे और मजदूर उनके लिए काम करते थे। परीक्षा में उत्पादन के साधन याद रखें।

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समाजवादी भविष्य में किस प्रकार के समाज की आशा करते थे?

What kind of society did socialists hope for in the future?

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A. अधिक समान और सहयोगी समाजA more equal and cooperative society

Step 1

Concept

Socialists wanted a society based on equality and cooperation. Exam tip: connect socialism with equality.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. अधिक समान और सहयोगी समाज / A more equal and cooperative society. Socialists wanted a society based on equality and cooperation. Exam tip: connect socialism with equality.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी समानता और सहयोग पर आधारित समाज चाहते थे। परीक्षा में समाजवाद को समानता से जोड़ें।

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उन्नीसवीं सदी में मजदूरों ने संगठन क्यों बनाए?

Why did workers form associations in the nineteenth century?

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A. अपने अधिकारों और काम की स्थितियों के लिए लड़ने हेतुTo fight for their rights and working conditions

Step 1

Concept

Workers' associations were formed to protect workers' interests. Exam tip: connect workers' associations with rights.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. अपने अधिकारों और काम की स्थितियों के लिए लड़ने हेतु / To fight for their rights and working conditions. Workers' associations were formed to protect workers' interests. Exam tip: connect workers' associations with rights.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मजदूर संगठन मजदूर हितों की रक्षा के लिए बने। परीक्षा में मजदूर संगठन और अधिकार जोड़ें।

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मजदूरों के काम के घंटे घटाने की मांग किस समस्या से जुड़ी थी?

The demand to reduce working hours was linked with which problem?

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A. बहुत लंबे काम के घंटेVery long working hours

Step 1

Concept

Workers worked for long hours so the demand to reduce hours arose. Exam tip: write reasons for workers' demands.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. बहुत लंबे काम के घंटे / Very long working hours. Workers worked for long hours so the demand to reduce hours arose. Exam tip: write reasons for workers' demands.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मजदूर लंबे समय तक काम करते थे इसलिए घंटे घटाने की मांग उठी। परीक्षा में मजदूर मांगों का कारण लिखें।

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समाजवादियों और मजदूर संगठनों के अंतरराष्ट्रीय जुड़ाव का उदाहरण कौन सा था?

What was an example of international connection of socialists and workers' organisations?

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A. दूसरा इंटरनेशनलSecond International

Step 1

Concept

The Second International was an international platform of socialist organisations. Exam tip: connect the name with the correct chapter.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. दूसरा इंटरनेशनल / Second International. The Second International was an international platform of socialist organisations. Exam tip: connect the name with the correct chapter.

Step 3

Exam Tip

दूसरा इंटरनेशनल समाजवादी संगठनों का अंतरराष्ट्रीय मंच था। परीक्षा में नाम को सही अध्याय से जोड़ें।

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यूरोप में समाजवादियों को समर्थन किस कारण से मिला?

Why did socialists gain support in Europe?

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A. मजदूरों और गरीबों की समस्याओं के कारणBecause of problems of workers and the poor

Step 1

Concept

Socialist ideas were linked with workers' difficulties. Exam tip: write the social reason for support.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मजदूरों और गरीबों की समस्याओं के कारण / Because of problems of workers and the poor. Socialist ideas were linked with workers' difficulties. Exam tip: write the social reason for support.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी विचार मजदूरों की कठिनाइयों से जुड़े थे। परीक्षा में समर्थन का सामाजिक कारण लिखें।

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उदारवादी बाजार के बारे में सामान्यतः क्या चाहते थे?

What did liberals generally want about markets?

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A. बाजारों पर कम प्रतिबंध और व्यापार की स्वतंत्रताFewer restrictions on markets and freedom of trade

Step 1

Concept

Liberals wanted freedom of trade and markets. Exam tip: connect liberalism with economic freedom.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. बाजारों पर कम प्रतिबंध और व्यापार की स्वतंत्रता / Fewer restrictions on markets and freedom of trade. Liberals wanted freedom of trade and markets. Exam tip: connect liberalism with economic freedom.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी व्यापार और बाजारों की स्वतंत्रता चाहते थे। परीक्षा में उदारवाद को आर्थिक स्वतंत्रता से जोड़ें।

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कट्टरपंथियों को किस बात से आपत्ति थी?

What did radicals object to?

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A. संपत्ति का कुछ लोगों के हाथों में केंद्रित होनाConcentration of property in a few hands

Step 1

Concept

Radicals disliked concentration of wealth and property. Exam tip: remember the point of concentration of property.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. संपत्ति का कुछ लोगों के हाथों में केंद्रित होना / Concentration of property in a few hands. Radicals disliked concentration of wealth and property. Exam tip: remember the point of concentration of property.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कट्टरपंथी धन और संपत्ति के केंद्रीकरण से नाराज थे। परीक्षा में संपत्ति केंद्रित होने का बिंदु याद रखें।

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रूढ़िवादी किस बात को बचाए रखना चाहते थे?

What did conservatives want to preserve?

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A. परंपरा और पुराने संस्थानों के उपयोगी हिस्सेTradition and useful parts of old institutions

Step 1

Concept

Conservatives favoured tradition and gradual change. Exam tip: connect tradition and slow change.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. परंपरा और पुराने संस्थानों के उपयोगी हिस्से / Tradition and useful parts of old institutions. Conservatives favoured tradition and gradual change. Exam tip: connect tradition and slow change.

Step 3

Exam Tip

रूढ़िवादी परंपरा और क्रमिक बदलाव के पक्ष में थे। परीक्षा में परंपरा और धीमे बदलाव जोड़ें।

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आयु परिवर्तन के दौर का सरल सार क्या है?

What is the simple summary of the Age of Social Change?

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Correct Answer

A. यूरोप में उदारवादी कट्टरपंथी रूढ़िवादी और समाजवादी समाज बदलने के अलग रास्ते सोच रहे थेIn Europe liberals radicals conservatives and socialists were thinking of different ways to change society

Step 1

Concept

This was a period of new political and social ideologies. Exam tip: remember ideologies along with industrial society.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. यूरोप में उदारवादी कट्टरपंथी रूढ़िवादी और समाजवादी समाज बदलने के अलग रास्ते सोच रहे थे / In Europe liberals radicals conservatives and socialists were thinking of different ways to change society. This was a period of new political and social ideologies. Exam tip: remember ideologies along with industrial society.

Step 3

Exam Tip

यह दौर नई राजनीतिक और सामाजिक विचारधाराओं का समय था। परीक्षा में विचारधाराओं और औद्योगिक समाज को साथ याद रखें।

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उदारवादी कानून के सामने किस सिद्धांत का समर्थन करते थे?

Which principle did liberals support before the law?

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A. कानून के सामने समानताEquality before law

Step 1

Concept

Liberals considered equality before law important. Exam tip: connect liberalism with legal equality.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. कानून के सामने समानता / Equality before law. Liberals considered equality before law important. Exam tip: connect liberalism with legal equality.

Step 3

Exam Tip

उदारवादी कानून के सामने समानता को महत्वपूर्ण मानते थे। परीक्षा में उदारवाद को कानूनी समानता से जोड़ें।

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कट्टरपंथी समाज में किस प्रकार की असमानता से नाराज थे?

Radicals were unhappy with which kind of inequality in society?

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A. धन और संपत्ति का कुछ लोगों के पास अधिक होनाWealth and property being concentrated with a few people

Step 1

Concept

Radicals opposed concentration of wealth and property. Exam tip: connect radicals with wider social change.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. धन और संपत्ति का कुछ लोगों के पास अधिक होना / Wealth and property being concentrated with a few people. Radicals opposed concentration of wealth and property. Exam tip: connect radicals with wider social change.

Step 3

Exam Tip

कट्टरपंथी संपत्ति और धन के केंद्रीकरण के विरोधी थे। परीक्षा में कट्टरपंथियों को व्यापक सामाजिक बदलाव से जोड़ें।

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समाजवादियों के अनुसार उत्पादन से मिलने वाला लाभ किसके हित में होना चाहिए?

According to socialists profit from production should be for whose benefit?

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A. पूरे समाज के हित मेंFor the benefit of the whole society

Step 1

Concept

Socialists linked production and profit with collective welfare. Exam tip: remember socialism with common benefit.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. पूरे समाज के हित में / For the benefit of the whole society. Socialists linked production and profit with collective welfare. Exam tip: remember socialism with common benefit.

Step 3

Exam Tip

समाजवादी उत्पादन और लाभ को सामूहिक भलाई से जोड़ते थे। परीक्षा में समाजवाद को साझा हित से याद रखें।

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