Population Size and Distribution

Direct answer: A. Each death removes one person from the living population of a place. A simple way to study natural population change is to compare births with deaths: natural increase equals births minus deaths. Therefore, when deaths rise while births remain unchanged, population growth becomes slower and may become negative. A is correct because it states the direct numerical effect of death. B is wrong because death does not add people or automatically raise the birth rate. C is wrong because population events do not enlarge geographical area. D is wrong because death does not stop all migration. Memory cue: births add people; deaths take people away.

Direct answer: A, slow or almost stable. Natural population growth is understood by comparing births with deaths. When the two rates are nearly equal, the number added through births is nearly balanced by the number removed through deaths, so the natural increase is small. The population may therefore grow slowly or remain almost stable. Migration can still make the total population rise or fall, so “almost stable” refers mainly to the natural component unless migration is also considered. B is wrong because equal rates do not produce rapid natural growth. C is wrong because a small balance cannot create unlimited growth. D is wrong because migration may affect total population change. Memory cue: nearly equal births and deaths = nearly zero natural increase.

Direct answer: A. Education can indirectly influence population growth by improving knowledge about health, reproductive choices, the timing and spacing of children, and available family-planning methods. Better awareness may lead some families to choose smaller families or to plan births more carefully, which can reduce the birth rate over time. The exact effect differs among communities and education is not the only factor involved. B is wrong because education cannot make the birth rate infinite. C is wrong because education does not prevent death-rate measurement. D is wrong because education does not end migration. Memory cue: education builds informed choices; informed family planning can affect birth rates.

Direct answer: A, low birth rate. Births add people to a population. If fewer children are born during a period, fewer people are added naturally, so population growth may slow, provided that deaths and migration do not produce a stronger opposite effect. B is wrong because a high birth rate usually increases natural growth when other conditions remain the same. C is wrong because strong in-migration brings more people into the area and generally raises total population. D is wrong because a large fall in the death rate means fewer people are dying, which usually increases natural growth rather than lowering it. Population change is best understood through births, deaths, and migration together. Memory cue: fewer births usually mean slower natural increase.

Direct answer: B, negative 40. Apply the formula net migration = people entering − people leaving. The calculation is 80 − 120 = −40. The negative sign means 40 more people left than entered, so the area experienced a net outflow of 40 people. Option A is wrong because it gives the correct difference with the wrong sign and direction. Option B is correct because it shows both the amount and the fact that out-migration was greater. Option C is wrong because 80 + 120 = 200 represents total movement, not the net balance. Option D is wrong because the two numbers are not equal. Net migration is separate from natural increase, which uses births and deaths. Memory cue: when leaving exceeds entering, net migration is negative.

Correct answer: A, births. In population studies, births add new individuals to the population through a natural demographic process. The natural increase of a population is commonly understood by comparing births with deaths: natural increase equals births minus deaths. Option A is correct because a birth creates a new member of the population. Option B is wrong because deaths remove people and reduce population size. Option C, immigration, means people move into an area from another place; it can increase the population, but it is a migration process rather than a natural increase process. Option D, emigration, means people move out of an area and usually reduces its population. The question uses “natural reason,” so distinguish births and deaths from movement between places. Memory cue: natural change = births minus deaths; migration change = immigration minus emigration.

Direct answer: A, almost zero. Net migration is found by comparing the number of people entering an area with the number leaving it. In a simple form, net migration equals immigration minus emigration. Suppose 500 people enter and 500 people leave: 500 minus 500 equals 0. Thus the movement of people produces no net addition or subtraction to the population. In real data, the figures may be described as approximately or almost zero if they are estimated or rounded. Option A is correct because equal inflow and outflow balance each other. Option B is wrong because a positive value occurs when immigration is greater than emigration. Option C is wrong because a negative value occurs when emigration is greater than immigration. Option D is wrong because equal finite numbers do not produce infinity. Memory cue: equal in and out means balance, so net migration is zero.