The Himalayan Mountains

Himadri is the highest and most continuous Himalayan range. Exam tip: also remember it as the Great Himalayas.

Himachal is the Lesser Himalayas and is linked with valleys like Kashmir Kangra and Kullu. Exam tip: connect valleys with Himachal.

Shiwalik is the outer and comparatively lower range with unconsolidated deposits. Exam tip: treat Shiwalik as the Outer Himalayas.

The correct north-to-south order is Himadri Himachal and Shiwalik. Exam tip: start the sequence from the north.

Dun valleys are longitudinal valleys found between Himachal and Shiwalik. Exam tip: remember Dehra Dun as an example.

These ranges are linked with the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal region. Exam tip: match mountain ranges with the correct part.

Kashmir Kangra and Kullu are famous valleys linked with the Lesser Himalayas. Exam tip: match valleys with their range.

The Himalayas bend southward near the Brahmaputra and continue as Purvachal. Exam tip: remember the Brahmaputra bend.

Patkai Naga Manipur and Mizo hills are linked with Purvachal. Exam tip: remember north-eastern hill names together.

Punjab Himalaya is linked with the Himalayan region between Indus and Sutlej. Exam tip: remember regional Himalayas through river boundaries.

Kumaon Himalaya is considered between the Sutlej and Kali rivers. Exam tip: connect Kumaon with river boundaries.

Nepal Himalaya is linked with the part between Kali and Teesta rivers. Exam tip: remember regional names with river boundaries.

Assam Himalaya is the Himalayan part between Teesta and Dihang rivers. Exam tip: remember this pair for the eastern Himalaya.

Regional Himalayan parts are often identified by areas between rivers. Exam tip: read river-boundary clues.

Kanchenjunga is the highest peak in India and is linked with the Himalayan region. Exam tip: connect it with the Sikkim Himalayas.

The direct answer is A: Karewa deposits are especially associated with the Kashmir Valley. Karewas are thick deposits of fine sediments such as clay, silt, sand, and gravel that accumulated in the Kashmir Valley during earlier stages of its geological history. They occur on raised terraces and are important for the region’s landform identity and agriculture; saffron cultivation is also associated with some Karewa areas. Option A is correct because Kashmir Valley is the well-known Himalayan region identified with Karewas. Option B is wrong because a Dun Valley is a longitudinal valley between the Lesser Himalaya and Shiwalik, not the distinctive home of Karewa deposits. Option C is wrong because Purvachal refers to the eastern hills of the Himalayas. Option D is wrong because the Shiwalik belt is a separate outer Himalayan division. Exam cue: whenever the word Karewa appears, first connect it with the Kashmir Valley.

The Himalayas help block cold winds from the north. Exam tip: treat them as a natural climatic wall.

The Himalayas help rainfall by obstructing and uplifting rain-bearing winds. Exam tip: remember the monsoon-Himalaya relation.

Himalayan rivers receive water from glaciers and snow, so they are perennial. Exam tip: connect perennial rivers with the Himalayas.

Himalayan rivers deposit alluvial soil in the plains. Exam tip: connect river deposits with plain formation.

In the Himalayas climate and vegetation change with altitude. Exam tip: remember altitude-based diversity.

The north-eastern Himalayas have dense vegetation due to higher moisture and rainfall. Exam tip: connect eastern Himalayas with moisture.

The Himalayas are important for climate rivers natural boundary and biodiversity. Exam tip: understand their importance in many dimensions.

Direct answer: Option A is correct. Himadri, also called the Greater Himalaya, is the highest and most continuous Himalayan range. To understand this, remember that the Himalaya has three broad parallel ranges. The northernmost and highest range is Himadri; south of it lies Himachal, and farther south lies Shiwalik. Himadri contains many permanently snow-covered high peaks and is made mainly of hard, ancient rocks. Option A works because both descriptions—highest and continuous—match Himadri. Option B is wrong because Shiwalik is the outermost, lowest and youngest range, not the highest or generally snow-covered range. Option C is wrong because Himachal is the middle range, not the outermost and lowest one. Option D is wrong because Purvachal is an eastern continuation of the Himalaya, whereas the Deccan is an old volcanic plateau made largely of basaltic lava. Memory cue: “Himadri = highest; Himachal = middle; Shiwalik = smallest and outer.”

The highest and most continuous range is Himadri, not Shiwalik. Exam tip: treat Shiwalik as outer and lower range.