Orders issued in the President's name and policy decided by the Prime Minister show which duality?

Correct answer: Nominal executive and real executive

Correct answer: A. A parliamentary system distinguishes between the formal or nominal executive and the real political executive. The President is the constitutional and formal head, so official orders are issued in the President’s name. However, the Prime Minister leads the Council of Ministers, and the Council takes political decisions and conducts day-to-day governance. The President generally acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers. Option A is correct because it names this constitutional duality. Option B is wrong because the judiciary and Election Commission are separate institutions, not two forms of executive. Option C is wrong because opposition and media are democratic actors, not executive offices. Option D is wrong because state and panchayat describe levels of government, not the formal-real executive distinction. Memory cue: formal name is the President; actual political direction comes from the elected ministry led by the Prime Minister.