Who is the constitutional head of India?

Correct answer: President

Correct answer: C. The President is the constitutional head of India. This means that the office represents the formal or nominal head of the Union executive under the Constitution. The President performs important constitutional functions, such as appointing the Prime Minister and giving assent to bills, but normally exercises these powers on the advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. Option C is correct because the Constitution places the President at the head of the Union executive. Option A is wrong because the Prime Minister is the real executive authority who leads the government and the Council of Ministers. Option B is wrong because the Speaker presides over the Lok Sabha and manages its proceedings. Option D is wrong because the Chief Justice leads the Supreme Court, which is part of the judiciary. Do not confuse “constitutional head” with “real executive”: the President is the formal head, while the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers generally exercise real executive power.