Arguments for and against democracy

Correct answer: A. Equal participation does not become real

Explanation: A is correct. Symbolic participation may show women as included without giving them a genuine chance to speak or influence decisions. Equal participation requires real opportunities to contribute, not just an appearance of inclusion. It does not mean that women alone should make every decision.

Correct answer: A. When a citizen seeks protection of Fundamental Rights against the government

Explanation: Direct answer: A is correct. An independent judiciary can decide cases impartially, without improper pressure from the government or any other powerful person. Suppose the government restricts a citizen’s speech or treats the citizen unfairly. The citizen can approach a court and ask for protection of a Fundamental Right. The court examines the Constitution, the law, and the facts, and may order the authority to correct its action. This is why judicial independence is especially visible when citizens need protection against the government. Option A describes a constitutional dispute in which an impartial court is essential. Option B is an ordinary market transaction and normally does not show the special need for judicial independence. Option C is a personal holiday and has no necessary connection with constitutional protection. Option D concerns routine traffic conditions, not a conflict between state power and rights. Memory cue: independent judiciary means an impartial referee who can check even the government.