Coordination

Correct answer: A. One department

Coordination is not the responsibility of only one department. It creates harmony among the efforts of different departments, levels and individuals to achieve organisational goals. Therefore, ‘One department’ is the correct answer. All departments, group efforts and organisational goals are closely connected with coordination. Exam tip: remember coordination as the process that links all activities and departments in an organisation.

Correct answer: A. Build harmony among people and work

A manager must build harmony among people and tasks. Exam tip: write the manager role in coordination.

Correct answer: A. Because it is needed at every level and department

Coordination is needed at all levels and departments. Exam tip: understand pervasive as wide presence.

Correct answer: A. Coordination

Harmony between research and marketing helps create the right product. Exam tip: treat links between teams as coordination.

Correct answer: A. Disorder

Coordination protects an organisation from disorder by arranging related activities, clarifying responsibilities, and ensuring that people and departments work in a compatible sequence. Without coordination, employees may duplicate the same task, leave essential work undone, compete for resources, follow conflicting instructions, or move toward unrelated objectives. Coordination creates unity, cooperation, and clarity, but these are benefits produced by coordination rather than dangers from which the organisation must be protected. Hence option A is correct because disorder is the direct condition that coordinated management helps prevent. Options B, C, and D are positive outcomes of coordination, so choosing any of them would reverse the meaning of the question.

Correct answer: A. It enables proper exchange of information

Communication supports coordination by carrying accurate information between people and departments. Employees need to know goals, duties, deadlines, changes, and constraints. Clear two-way communication helps them adjust their work, avoid misunderstandings, and respond to problems. Without reliable information, even well-designed plans may result in conflicting actions.

Therefore option A is correct. Communication does not stop information, remove goals, or close departments; those choices contradict its coordinating role. Communication alone is not the whole of coordination, but it is an important means through which coordination becomes possible. Proper exchange of information creates understanding and helps different units work in harmony.

Correct answer: A. Achievement of organisational objectives

The final aim of coordination is achieving organisational objectives. Exam tip: write goal achievement as the final aim.

Correct answer: A. It gives one direction to people and activities

Coordination helps success by giving one direction to people and activities. Exam tip: take one direction as the main clue.

Correct answer: B. Creating harmony among efforts

Coordination means creating harmony among different efforts. Exam tip: treat harmony and unity as key words.

Correct answer: C. Coordination

This is an example of linking different tasks on time. Exam tip: connect school examples with coordination.

Correct answer: D. Duplication of work

One important benefit of coordination is the prevention of duplication of work. When responsibilities, schedules and information are aligned, two employees or departments are less likely to perform the same task unnecessarily. Therefore, option D is correct. A common goal, unity of action and clear communication are not problems that coordination prevents; they are conditions or results that coordination promotes. Option A gives the purpose that guides coordinated effort. Option B describes the unity created by coordination. Option C is an important supporting mechanism for coordination. By clarifying who does what and when, coordination reduces wasted effort, overlapping authority and avoidable delays.

Correct answer: C. Coordination

Departments working in different directions show lack of coordination. Exam tip: take goal conflict as a clue.

Correct answer: B. Because group efforts must be integrated

When employees increase their efforts must be brought in one direction. Exam tip: remember large size as a reason.

Correct answer: D. It is needed at all levels

Coordination is required at all managerial levels—top, middle and lower—because activities and departmental efforts must be harmonised at each level. Therefore, option D is correct. Option A is incorrect because coordination is not limited to top managers; middle-level managers and supervisors also perform it. Exam tip: remember coordination as a pervasive function of management.

Correct answer: A. Cooperative environment

Coordination increases cooperation and understanding. Exam tip: treat cooperative environment as its positive result.

Correct answer: B. Deliberate effort

Coordination is a deliberate effort because managers consciously arrange activities, communication, timing and responsibilities to create unity of action. It does not arise accidentally when departments simply happen to work together. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is the opposite of the managerial concept. Option C is too narrow because coordination connects personal, departmental and organisational efforts rather than involving only one person. Option D is also incorrect because coordination seeks order, compatibility and a common direction. Although coordination may operate continuously and sometimes informally, it still involves purposeful attempts to harmonise work and achieve organisational objectives.

Correct answer: D. It continues continuously as long as work continues

Coordination is a continuous process that operates from the beginning of organisational work until its completion. Hence, it does not end while work is still in progress. Planning, staffing, and goal-setting are separate management functions; coordination is still needed afterwards to harmonise the efforts of departments and employees. Exam tip: remember coordination as a pervasive and continuous function of management.

Correct answer: A. Lack of coordination

Mismatch between demand and production shows lack of coordination. Exam tip: remember the link between production and sales.

Correct answer: B. Integration of human and departmental efforts

Coordination integrates efforts of people and departments. Exam tip: consider human efforts important.

Correct answer: A. Because specialists perform different tasks

Specialists work in different areas so their work must be linked. Exam tip: write specialisation as a reason for coordination.

Correct answer: B. In none

Coordination is required in every function of management because each function must support and connect with the others. During planning, objectives and actions must be aligned. During organising, authority, responsibility and departmental activities must fit together. During controlling, actual performance is compared with plans and corrective action must be coordinated. Hence option B, “in none,” is correct. Option A, C and D each name functions in which coordination is essential, so none of them can be selected. The question tests the all-pervasive nature of coordination: it is not a separate activity needed only occasionally, but an integrating force present throughout managerial work.

Correct answer: C. Employees efforts

Coordination directs employees efforts toward organisational goals. Exam tip: remember direction of efforts.

Correct answer: D. Coordination

Different roles working together show coordination. Exam tip: identify multi-department examples like hospitals.

Correct answer: A. Unity of action

The direct answer is A: coordination aims to establish unity of action. An organisation contains many people and departments, and each may perform a different activity. Coordination connects these activities so that everyone works in the same overall direction instead of pulling apart. For example, purchasing, production, finance and sales should support one common business objective. Option A is correct because unity of action means harmonious, connected effort towards a common goal. Option B is wrong because opposition between activities creates conflict and wastes resources. Option C is wrong because confusion means people do not know what to do or how their work fits together; coordination reduces confusion. Option D is wrong because isolation separates efforts, while coordination creates useful links and cooperation. Therefore, coordination does not make every person do the same task; it makes different tasks support one another. Exam cue: many activities plus one common direction equals unity of action.

Correct answer: B. Coordination

Coordination requires people and teams to connect their activities through communication and a shared direction. Having the same goal is not enough if the teams keep information to themselves. Without relevant information, one team may repeat work, miss a deadline, use incompatible methods, or make a decision that harms the other team. Information sharing therefore supports harmony and integration.

Option B is correct because the situation directly shows weak coordination. Building safety and banking are unrelated to the organisational difficulty described, while depreciation is an accounting concept concerning the reduction in value of an asset. The key clue is that the teams do not share information. Better communication can help them synchronise actions and work toward the common goal without unnecessary conflict or duplication.