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If f(x) = (x² + 4)/x, what is the range of f?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (-∞, -4] ∪ [4, ∞)

Rewrite the function as f(x) = x + 4/x, with x ≠ 0. To find its range, set y = x + 4/x and multiply by x: x² − yx + 4 = 0. A real x exists exactly when the discriminant is nonnegative: y² − 16 ≥ 0. Thus y ≤ −4 or y ≥ 4. The endpoint values are attainable: f(2) = 4 and f(−2) = −4. Therefore the range is (-∞, −4] ∪ [4, ∞), so option A is correct. Option B includes only the positive branch, C incorrectly assumes every nonzero real value occurs, and D lists values that cannot occur. The same result also follows from AM-GM separately on positive and negative x.

Related tags

Real-Valued-FunctionsRangeRational-FunctionQuadratic-DiscriminantReal Valued FunctionsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And FunctionsMathematics

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