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If the range of f(x) = ax² + 4 is [4, ∞), which condition on a is correct?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: a > 0

For every real x, x² ≥ 0. If a > 0, then ax² ≥ 0, so f(x) = ax² + 4 is at least 4. The minimum value 4 is attained at x = 0. Moreover, as |x| increases, ax² can take every non-negative value, so the range is exactly [4, ∞). If a < 0, the parabola opens downward and its range is (−∞, 4], not the stated interval. If a = 0, the function is constant and its range is only {4}, not an unbounded interval. Therefore the necessary and sufficient condition is a > 0. Option D is too broad because it also includes negative a, which produces the opposite type of range. The conclusion follows from the sign of the quadratic coefficient.

Related tags

Relations-FunctionsReal-Valued-FunctionsRangeQuadratic-ParameterReal Valued FunctionsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And FunctionsMathematics

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