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What is the range of (f(x)=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+1}})?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: ((-1,1))

The denominator \(\sqrt{x^2+1}\) is always positive because \(x^2+1\ge1\). Also, \(x^2+1>x^2\), so taking positive square roots gives \(\sqrt{x^2+1}>|x|\). Consequently, the absolute value of the fraction is strictly less than 1. This places every function value strictly between \(-1\) and \(1\).

More precisely, \(|f(x)|=|x|/\sqrt{x^2+1}<1\), so \(-1<f(x)<1\). The endpoints cannot occur for any finite real \(x\), although the values approach them as \(x\) becomes very large positive or negative. Every number strictly between these endpoints is attained, for example by solving the equation for \(x\). Hence the range is \((-1,1)\), option A.

Related tags

Relations-FunctionsRangeBounded-Function

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