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If \(f(x)=\frac{2}{(x+3)^2+1}-4\) is defined for all real numbers, what is its range?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: \((-4,-2]\)

Since \((x+3)^2\ge 0\), we get \((x+3)^2+1\ge 1\). Hence, \(0<\frac{2}{(x+3)^2+1}\le 2\). At \(x=-3\), the fraction attains its maximum value \(2\), so \(f(x)\) attains the maximum value \(-2\). As \(|x|\to\infty\), the fraction approaches \(0\), so \(f(x)\) approaches \(-4\) but never equals it. Therefore, the range is \((-4,-2]\). Option B is incorrect because it includes \(-4\). Exam tip: For expressions involving a squared term in the denominator, first find the minimum possible denominator.

Related tags

Range Of FunctionsRational FunctionsReal Valued FunctionsInterval NotationClass 11 MathematicsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And Functions

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