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What is the range of f(x) = (x² + 5)/(x² + 1)?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (1, 5]

Rewrite the expression as f(x) = (x²+1+4)/(x²+1) = 1 + 4/(x²+1). For every real x, x² is non-negative, so x²+1 is at least 1 and is always positive. Consequently, 4/(x²+1) is positive and cannot exceed 4. Its largest value, 4, occurs when x=0, giving f(0)=5; hence 5 is included. As |x| increases without bound, 4/(x²+1) approaches 0, so f(x) approaches 1. However, the fraction is never exactly zero for any real finite x, so 1 is not attained. Therefore the range is (1,5], making option A correct. Option B incorrectly includes the unattainable value 1, while C and D do not give the correct lower and upper bounds.

Related tags

Real-Valued-FunctionsRangeRational-ExpressionReal Valued FunctionsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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