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If (f(x)=x^2-4x+1), what is the minimum value of (f(x))?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: ( -3)

The direct answer is option A, -3. To find the minimum of a quadratic, complete the square: x^2-4x+1=(x^2-4x+4)-3=(x-2)^2-3. A square is always at least zero, so (x-2)^2≥0. Its smallest possible value is 0, reached when x=2. Therefore f(x) is at least -3, and the minimum value is -3. Option A is correct. Option B, 1, is the constant term of the original expression, but it is not the minimum. Option C, 3, ignores the negative adjustment produced while completing the square. Option D, 5, is larger than the actual minimum and cannot be obtained as the least value because the square term can be zero. The important idea is that a positive square plus a constant has its minimum when the square becomes zero. Exam cue: rewrite every quadratic in the form (x-a)^2+b; its minimum is b when the coefficient of the square is positive.

Related tags

Real-Valued-FunctionsMinimum-ValueQuadratic

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