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If f: ℝ → ℝ is given by f(x) = (x² + 9)/(x² + 3), what is the range?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (1, 3]

The governing idea is to determine all possible values of a real-valued function. Rewrite the expression as f(x) = 1 + 6/(x² + 3). Since x² ≥ 0, the denominator satisfies x² + 3 ≥ 3, so 0 < 6/(x² + 3) ≤ 2. Therefore 1 < f(x) ≤ 3. The value 3 is attained when x = 0, because f(0) = 9/3 = 3. The value 1 is never attained for any finite real x, since 6/(x² + 3) is always positive, although it approaches 0 as |x| increases. Hence the range is (1, 3]. Option B incorrectly includes 1, while C and D do not describe the actual bounds.

Related tags

RangeReal-Valued FunctionRational FunctionReal Valued FunctionsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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