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If f: R → R is given by f(x) = x² + 2x + 5, what is the range of f?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: [4, ∞)

To determine the range, rewrite the quadratic by completing the square: f(x) = x² + 2x + 5 = (x + 1)² + 4. For every real x, the square (x + 1)² is at least zero. Therefore f(x) is at least 4, and equality occurs when x + 1 = 0, or x = -1. As x moves away from -1, the square can take every nonnegative real value, so the function assumes every value from 4 upward. Hence the range is [4, ∞), which is option A. Option B overlooks the lowering effect of the linear term, option C reverses the direction of the bound, and option D incorrectly claims that values below 4 can occur.

Related tags

Quadratic-FunctionRangeCompleting-SquareReal Valued FunctionsTheir Domain And RangeReal Valued Functions Their Domain And RangeRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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