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What transformation changes \(f(x)=\frac{1}{x}\) into \(y=\frac{1}{x+3}-4\)?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 3 units left and 4 units down

The transformation rule is that replacing \(x\) by \(x-h\) shifts a graph right by \(h\), while replacing it by \(x+h\) shifts it left by \(h\). Also, adding \(k\) outside the function shifts the graph vertically by \(k\). Starting with \(f(x)=1/x\), the expression \(1/(x+3)=f(x+3)\) shifts the graph 3 units to the left, because the inside sign is positive. The outside term \(-4\) then shifts the entire graph 4 units downward. Its vertical and horizontal asymptotes consequently move from \(x=0,y=0\) to \(x=-3,y=-4\). Therefore option A is correct; the other choices reverse one or both directions.

Related tags

Graph-TransformationReciprocal-FunctionTranslationsGraphs Of Standard FunctionsRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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