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(9) distinct objects are to be arranged in a row. If one particular object is always in the last position, how many arrangements are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (40320)

The specified object must remain in the last position, so that position is fixed and contributes only one possibility. The other eight distinct objects can be arranged freely in the first eight positions. Their number of arrangements is \(8!=8\times7\times6\times5\times4\times3\times2\times1=40320\).

We should not use \(9!\), because that would count arrangements in which the special object appears in positions other than the last. Fixing one position leaves a permutation of the remaining eight objects. Therefore the total number of valid arrangements is 40320, which is option B. The value 362880 in option A is \(9!\), so it ignores the restriction.

Related tags

PermutationsFixed PositionLinear Arrangement

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