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In the word CIVIC, C occurs twice and I occurs twice. How many distinct arrangements are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 30

The governing concept is permutation with repeated objects. CIVIC contains five letters: C, I, V, I, C. If all five positions were treated as distinct, there would be 5! arrangements. However, the two C letters are identical, so interchanging them does not produce a new visible arrangement; the same applies to the two I letters. We therefore divide by 2! for the repeated C’s and by 2! for the repeated I’s: 5!/(2! × 2!) = 120/4 = 30. Hence option B is correct. Option D, 120, ignores repeated letters. Options A and C do not apply the required duplicate correction and therefore undercount or miscount the distinct arrangements.

Related tags

PermutationsRepeated LettersIdentical ObjectsClass 11Permutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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