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How many ways are there to place 2 plates from 8 different plates on the upper and lower racks?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 56

The governing concept is an ordered selection, or permutation, because the upper rack and lower rack are distinguishable positions. For the upper rack, any of the 8 different plates can be chosen. After that choice, 7 plates remain for the lower rack. Thus the total is 8 × 7 = 56, or equivalently 8P2 = 8!/(8−2)! = 8!/6! = 56. Therefore, option A is correct. Option C, 28, equals 8C2 and would be correct only if the two plates were selected without assigning them to separate racks. Options B and D do not follow the successive-choice process. The fact that the racks are named makes the order meaningful: plate X on the upper rack and plate Y on the lower rack differs from the reverse placement.

Related tags

PermutationsOrdered SelectionMultiplication PrincipleClass 11Permutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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