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On a library shelf choose (1) mathematics book from (3), (1) science book from (4), and (2) history books from (5) in order. The two history books are different. How many arrangements are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (3 \times 4 \times 5 \times 4=240)

Direct answer: option A is correct, giving 240 arrangements. First choose 1 mathematics book from 3: 3 choices. Then choose 1 science book from 4: 4 choices. For history, choose and arrange 2 different books from 5: 5 choices for the first history position and 4 for the second, giving \(5\times4=20\). By the fundamental counting principle, multiply the independent stages: \(3\times4\times5\times4=240\). Option A shows this exact calculation. Option B uses \(3\times4\times10=120\); 10 is the number of unordered pairs from 5, but the question says “in order,” so each pair has two possible orders and must be counted as 20. Option C, \(3\times4\times5=60\), forgets the second ordered history choice. Option D adds choices instead of multiplying them, although every stage must be completed. Memory cue: sequential choices multiply; ordered selection of two from five is \(5\times4\), not \(\binom52\).

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CountingBooksOrdered

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