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A code has 4 letters. Only consonants from the 26 letters are used and no letter repeats. If the first letter cannot be B, how many codes are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 136800

There are 21 consonants in the English alphabet. For the first position, B is forbidden, so there are 20 choices. After choosing the first consonant, repetition is not allowed; therefore the second, third, and fourth positions have 20, 19, and 18 choices respectively. The multiplication principle gives 20×20×19×18 = 136,800 codes. Hence option A is correct. A common mistake is to use 21 choices in the first position, which would ignore the restriction on B; another is to reduce the later choices incorrectly or to treat the code as an unordered selection rather than an ordered arrangement.

Related tags

PermutationsFundamental Principle Of CountingRestricted CodesFundamental Principle Of CountingPermutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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