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A student must choose one book from (4) mathematics books, (3) science books, and (5) language books. A language book is allowed only with one dictionary, and there are (2) dictionary types. How many valid selections are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 17

There are 4 ways to choose a mathematics book and 3 ways to choose a science book, giving \(4+3=7\) choices. For a language book, one of the 2 dictionary types must also be chosen; hence the valid language selections are \(5\times2=10\). Therefore, the total number of valid selections is \(7+10=17\). The option 15 can result from not applying the multiplication rule correctly to the language-book-and-dictionary case. Exam tip: add mutually exclusive cases connected by “or”, and multiply choices that must be selected together.

Related tags

Fundamental Counting PrinciplePermutations And CombinationsAddition RuleMultiplication RuleCounting TechniquesFundamental Principle Of CountingMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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