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An exam has 4 sections and each section has 3 optional questions. One question is chosen from each section and then one language from 2 languages is chosen. How many ways are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: ways

The governing concept is the fundamental principle of counting: when independent choices are made in succession, the total number of complete outcomes is found by multiplication. From each of the four sections, one of three questions can be chosen, giving 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 3^4 = 81 possible question selections. For every one of these selections, either one of two languages may be selected. Hence the total number of ways is 3^4 × 2 = 81 × 2 = 162. Therefore option C is correct. Addition would be inappropriate because a complete outcome includes a choice from every section and a language simultaneously. Option A counts only question selections and omits the language choice; the remaining options use an incorrect product.

Related tags

Fundamental Principle Of CountingMultiplication RuleIndependent ChoicesPermutations And CombinationsFundamental Principle Of CountingPermutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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