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In a PIN the first (2) places have (3) choices each and the next (2) places have (4) choices each. If repetition is allowed how many PINs are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (144) PINs

This uses the fundamental principle of counting with different numbers of choices at different positions. The first position has 3 choices and the second position also has 3 choices, so the first two positions contribute 3 × 3 = 9 possibilities. The third position has 4 choices and the fourth also has 4 choices, contributing 4 × 4 = 16 possibilities. Because repetition is allowed, these choices remain available independently. Therefore the total number of PINs is 3 × 3 × 4 × 4 = 9 × 16 = 144. Option D is correct. Options A, B and C result from omitting one factor or using an incorrect combination, so they do not count all four positions.

Related tags

Permutations-CombinationsFundamental-Principle-Of-CountingPin-CountingFundamental Principle Of CountingPermutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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