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If ¹⁴C₅ = ¹⁴Cₛ and s ≠ 5, what is s?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 9

Answer: option C, 9. Combinations have the symmetry property nCr = nC(n-r). This means that choosing r objects from n objects gives the same number of groups as choosing the n-r objects left out. Here n = 14 and r = 5, so ¹⁴C₅ = ¹⁴C(14-5) = ¹⁴C₉. The equation also has the obvious possibility s = 5, but the question specifically says s ≠ 5. Therefore the other matching index is s = 9. Option A, 7, does not equal 14 - 5. Option B, 8, is also not the complementary index. Option C, 9, satisfies the symmetry rule and is correct. Option D, 10, is likewise not 14 - 5. The factorial formula confirms this: nCr = n!/[r!(n-r)!]. Replacing r by n-r merely swaps the two factors in the denominator, so the value remains unchanged. Memory cue: in nCr, the paired indices always add to n.

Related tags

CombinationsSymmetryComplementary IndexFactorialPermutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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