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A committee of 3 members is to be formed from 18 members with one fixed member included. How many committees are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 136

Because one particular member must be present, that member is already fixed in the committee. Only the remaining two positions need to be filled, and they can be selected from the other 17 members. Since a committee has no order, use combinations rather than permutations: 17C2 = 17 × 16 / (2 × 1) = 136. Thus the number of possible committees is 136, making option A correct. A common error is to calculate 18C3, which counts committees without enforcing the fixed-member condition and gives 816. Another error is to arrange the selected members, which would count the same committee several times. Fixing the required member first removes that ambiguity.

Related tags

CombinationsCommittee-CountingRestricted-SelectionPermutations And CombinationsMathematicsClass 11 Mcq

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