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A team of (4) is to be formed from (9) scientists, but two rival scientists cannot be together. How many teams are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: (105)

First count all groups of four that can be selected from nine scientists, without considering the restriction. Then remove the groups that contain both rival scientists. A team is invalid exactly when both rivals are present; the other two members can be any two of the remaining seven scientists.

The total number is \\(\binom{9}{4}=126\\). If both rivals are included, two additional members must be chosen from the remaining seven, giving \\(\binom{7}{2}=21\\) invalid teams. Hence valid teams number \\(126-21=105\\). Therefore option A is correct. Subtracting only one team would ignore the many possible choices for the other members.

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