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Geography

Weathering: physical, chemical, and biological

In Class 11 Geography, this topic from the chapter “Geomorphic Processes” explains weathering as the breakdown and alteration of rocks at or near Earth’s surface without transporting the material. Students learn how physical weathering acts through temperature changes, pressure release, and frost; how chemical weathering involves processes such as solution, carbonation, oxidation, hydration, and hydrolysis; and how plants, animals, and microorganisms drive biological weathering. The topic also connects climate, rock type, relief, and time with soil formation and landscape development.

Hard · Level 4 · 25 questions

TOPIC PRACTICE

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Up to 25 questions from this page. Select your focus, then start.

25 questions

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  1. New surfaces come in contact with water and air
  2. Rocks immediately move to the sea
  3. Sunlight always stops
  4. Mineral composition completely disappears
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  1. Weathering alters minerals in place while erosion removes material
  2. Both are only deposition
  3. Weathering is always glacial
  4. Erosion never involves movement
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  1. Limestone dissolving in carbonic acid
  2. Iron forming rust
  3. Rock breaking due to frozen water in cracks
  4. Feldspar changing into clay mineral
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  1. Root widening a crack
  2. Particles blown by wind
  3. Feldspar changing into kaolinite
  4. Rock expanding by heat
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  1. Organisms exert mechanical pressure and release chemical substances
  2. Organisms only build mountains
  3. Organisms only stop river flow
  4. Organisms never contact rocks
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  1. Salt crystallization
  2. Carbonation and solution
  3. Frost action
  4. Thermal expansion
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  1. Hydrolysis
  2. Oxidation
  3. Carbonation
  4. Exfoliation
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  1. Leaching
  2. Weathering by in-situ rock breakdown
  3. Wind abrasion
  4. Lava flow
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  1. Roots thicken and continuously press crack walls
  2. Roots instantly melt the rock
  3. Roots always block water
  4. Roots make temperature constant
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  1. Solution weathering
  2. Weathering caused by thermal expansion and contraction
  3. Weathering caused by frost action
  4. Biological weathering caused by root pressure
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  1. Thermal expansion and contraction
  2. Complete absence of carbonation
  3. Deep sea deposition
  4. Glacial accumulation
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  1. Surface area and cracks increase
  2. All minerals disappear
  3. Water entry becomes impossible
  4. Rock instantly becomes new
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  1. Dense forest and humidity
  2. Nearly lifeless extremely cold region
  3. Root system in grassland
  4. Rocky surface with lichens
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  1. Unstable minerals alter quickly
  2. Unstable minerals never react
  3. Instability only prevents colour
  4. Instability makes weathering impossible
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  1. Salt crystallization and granular disintegration
  2. Only rise of sea tide
  3. Only volcanic eruption
  4. Only plate collision
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  1. They can form acids that help dissolve minerals
  2. They permanently remove water
  3. They make all rocks hard
  4. They keep temperature fixed at zero
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  1. Physical weathering
  2. Carbonation
  3. Oxidation
  4. Hydrolysis
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  1. The surface contacts water and air first
  2. The interior is always exposed to air
  3. The surface has no minerals
  4. Interior temperature never changes
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  1. Earthworms mixing soil
  2. Lichens releasing acids and dissolving minerals
  3. Iceberg abrading rock
  4. Minerals expanding by heat
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  1. Climate rock structure and biological activity
  2. Only latitude and longitude
  3. Only river length
  4. Only ocean depth
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  1. Deep and rapid weathering
  2. Complete absence of weathering
  3. Only dry salt accumulation
  4. Rock instantly becoming volcanic
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  1. Water and oxygen are more available
  2. All rocks are waterless
  3. There is no air at all
  4. Minerals do not react
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  1. Rocks with granular texture
  2. Only liquid lava
  3. Only pure ice
  4. Only seawater
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  1. Local residual debris
  2. Load transported far by river
  3. Deposit of sea waves
  4. Glacier snout
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  1. It changes mineral bonds and structure
  2. It only makes rock colourless
  3. It increases gravity
  4. It cements all cracks

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