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If the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression is S_n = 5n² + 4n, what is the 18th term?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 179

Answer: C, 179. Since S_n is the sum through the nth term, subtracting consecutive partial sums isolates one term: a_n = S_n − S_{n−1}. First evaluate S_18 = 5(18²) + 4(18) = 5(324) + 72 = 1620 + 72 = 1692. Then evaluate S_17 = 5(17²) + 4(17) = 5(289) + 68 = 1445 + 68 = 1513. Therefore a_18 = S_18 − S_17 = 1692 − 1513 = 179. Hence option C is correct. Option A, B, and D result from arithmetic or substitution errors. In particular, 1692 is not the answer because it is the total of the first 18 terms. The method works for any sequence described by partial sums, not only when the sequence is explicitly written term by term. Memory cue: consecutive totals differ by the newly added term.

Related tags

Arithmetic ProgressionPartial SumsNth TermAlgebraic SequenceFinding The Sum Of The First $N$ Terms Of An ApFinding The Sum Of The First N Terms Of An ApArithmetic Progressions (Ap)Arithmetic Progressions Ap

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