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In the AP 5, 9, 13, ..., how many first terms have sum 434?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 14

Direct answer: 14 terms, so option C is correct. The sequence is an arithmetic progression because consecutive terms differ by 4: 9 − 5 = 4 and 13 − 9 = 4. Thus a = 5 and d = 4. The sum of the first n terms is Sₙ = n/2[2a + (n − 1)d]. Substitution gives 434 = n/2[10 + 4(n − 1)] = n/2(4n + 6) = n(2n + 3). Hence 2n² + 3n − 434 = 0. Factorising gives (n − 14)(2n + 31) = 0, so n = 14 or n = −31/2. A number of terms must be a positive integer, so n = 14. Option A, 12, option B, 13, and option D, 15, do not produce a sum of 434 when substituted into the formula. Verification: the 14th term is 5 + 13×4 = 57, and S₁₄ = 14/2(5 + 57) = 434. Memory cue: identify a and d first, then use the sum formula, and reject nonpositive roots.

Related tags

Arithmetic-ProgressionAp-SumQuadratic-EquationFinding The Sum Of The First $N$ Terms Of An ApFinding The Sum Of The First N Terms Of An ApArithmetic Progressions (Ap)Arithmetic Progressions ApMathematics

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