World Wars

Britain and Germany had growing naval and military competition. For exams remember the arms race as a cause of war.

Dreadnoughts were large modern battleships. For exams connect them with naval rivalry before the First World War.

The First Battle of the Marne was an important early battle of the First World War. For exams connect it with stopping the German advance.

The Gallipoli campaign was an Allied effort against the Ottoman Empire. For exams connect it with different fronts of the First World War.

ANZAC refers to the Australia and New Zealand Army Corps. For exams also remember it with the Gallipoli campaign.

On the Eastern Front Russia fought Germany and Austria-Hungary. For exams remember fronts with the map.

Barbed wire was placed before trenches for defense. For exams remember it as an obstacle in trench warfare.

Governments raised money for war through war loans. For exams connect economic resources with war effort.

After the First World War new borders were formed in Europe. For exams connect map changes with war results.

Czechoslovakia was among the new states formed after the war. For exams remember political results of the First World War.

The mandate system was linked with administration of former territories under the League of Nations. For exams connect it with the post-war order.

The Weimar Republic was formed in Germany after the First World War. For exams connect it with Germany's post-war politics.

Weaknesses and crises of the Weimar system helped the Nazi Party. For exams study economic crisis and politics together.

The Munich Agreement was signed in 1938 by Germany, Britain, France, and Italy. It allowed Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia, so 1938 is correct. 1919 is associated with the Treaty of Versailles, while 1945 is linked to the end of the Second World War. Exam tip: remember the Munich Agreement as a major example of appeasement.

Neville Chamberlain is linked with the Munich Agreement and appeasement. For exams remember leaders with policies.

Germany attacked Poland on 1 September 1939. For exams this is the key starting date of the Second World War.

Blitzkrieg was a German strategy of fast and sudden attack. For exams connect it with early German victories.

Germany invaded the Netherlands and Belgium in Western Europe. For exams remember the western campaign of 1940.

The attack on Norway and Denmark was part of German strategy in Northern Europe. For exams remember European fronts separately.

Operation Sea Lion was Germany's plan to invade Britain. For exams connect it with the Battle of Britain.