United Nations History

Peaceful settlement of disputes is a way to prevent war and maintain peace. Exam tip: connect it with the basic aim of the Charter.

The Security Council has special powers related to peace and security. Exam tip: separate the Assembly's discussion role and the Council's decision role.

The Security Council has five permanent and ten non permanent members. Exam tip: remember fifteen total members.

After a Charter amendment the Security Council became a fifteen member body. Exam tip: link this expansion with non permanent members.

Veto gives a permanent member the power to block a resolution. Exam tip: understand it as the most special power of the P5.

Admission of a new member needs Security Council recommendation and General Assembly decision. Exam tip: remember the joint role of both organs.

The General Assembly appoints the Secretary General on the recommendation of the Security Council. Exam tip: remember the appointment process in two steps.

ICJ judges are elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council. Exam tip: remember both the Court as judicial organ and its election process.

The ICJ is the principal judicial organ of the UN while the ICC is a separate treaty based court. Exam tip: do not confuse them.

The UN headquarters is in New York but the ICJ is in The Hague. Exam tip: remember locations separately.

The Trusteeship Council worked on supervision of trust territories and progress toward independence. Exam tip: connect it with decolonization.

After Palau's independence the Trusteeship Council suspended regular work. Exam tip: remember the year 1994.

ECOSOC members are elected by the General Assembly. Exam tip: connect ECOSOC with economic social cooperation and the General Assembly.

ECOSOC has fifty four members and is linked with development cooperation. Exam tip: remember both number and function.

Specialized agencies are linked with the UN system but are not the six principal organs. Exam tip: keep the difference between agency and organ clear.

UNESCO is known for education and cultural cooperation. Exam tip: remember it also with World Heritage.

UNICEF was created in 1946 as the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. Its first purpose was to provide urgent food, health care, clothing, and other assistance to children affected by the Second World War. Although its work later expanded to long-term child rights, health, education, nutrition, and protection, emergency child relief was central to its original beginning.

Option A is correct because it refers to immediate assistance for children in a post-war crisis. The other choices concern different international institutions or later global development processes. UNICEF was not established to change Security Council voting, create the Sustainable Development Goals, or close the International Court. Linking its origin with emergency child welfare identifies the historical purpose accurately.

WHO promotes international cooperation on health standards and disease control. Exam tip: remember it as the health agency.

FAO promotes international cooperation in agriculture and food security. Exam tip: connect it with food and farming.

ILO works on workers' rights and working conditions. Exam tip: connect it with workers' interests.