Important Historical Events

After the Opium Wars, foreign pressure on China increased. For exams, connect it with imperialist intervention.

The Glorious Revolution strengthened constitutional monarchy. For exams, connect it with the Parliament versus king struggle.

The Great Depression increased unemployment and discontent, helping extremist ideas. For exams, connect it with the rise of fascism.

The Renaissance promoted art, science and humanist thinking. For exams, treat it as the beginning of modern consciousness.

Printing carried books and ideas to more people. For exams, remember it as a tool for spreading knowledge.

The Black Death caused huge loss of life and labour shortage. For exams, connect it with effects on feudal society.

The Crusades increased contact between Europe and eastern regions. For exams, connect it with trade and cultural exchange.

Ottoman control of Constantinople affected European trade routes. For exams, link it with the background of geographical discoveries.

The defeat of the Spanish Armada strengthened England's naval position. For exams, remember it in the context of maritime imperialism.

This declaration emphasized liberty, equality and civil rights. For exams, remember it as an ideological document of the French Revolution.

Westphalia strengthened the idea of state sovereignty. For exams, connect it with the modern international order.

Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo ended his political career. For exams, connect it with the end of the Napoleonic era.

The Napoleonic Code organized civil law and equality principles. For exams, connect it with legal modernization.

Bismarck used military power and diplomacy for German unification. For exams, remember the Blood and Iron policy.

The American Civil War was linked with slavery and preservation of the Union. For exams, connect it with the North-South conflict.

The proclamation linked ending slavery with the moral aim of the war. For exams, remember it as a turning point in the Civil War.

The Suez Crisis showed the declining global power of Britain and France. For exams, connect it with the post-colonial world order.

The League could not effectively stop aggressive countries. For exams, connect it with the background of the United Nations.

Bretton Woods shaped institutions like the IMF and World Bank. For exams, connect it with the post-war economic order.

The assassination sparked existing tensions into war. For exams, link it with immediate cause and alliance system.