Simple Explanation
Expert-level population geography में distribution को static outcome नहीं बल्कि interacting system के रूप में देखा जाता है। Physical environment opportunities and constraints देता है, जबकि economy, policy, technology, inequality and migration उन constraints को strengthen, modify या redistribute कर सकते हैं। Feedback effects भी महत्वपूर्ण हैं, जैसे infrastructure growth को stimulate कर सकती है और growth फिर infrastructure demand बढ़ाती है। इसलिए दूसरा विकल्प सही है। / At an expert level, population distribution is understood not as a static outcome but as an interacting system. The physical environment creates opportunities and constraints, while the economy, policy, technology, inequality, and migration can strengthen, modify, or redistribute those constraints. Feedback effects also matter, such as infrastructure stimulating growth and growth increasing infrastructure demand. Therefore, the second option is correct.