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A district has a literacy rate of 90%. A researcher therefore assumes that a randomly selected resident must be literate. What is the error in this reasoning?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A population-level percentage does not establish the characteristic of every individual

A 90% literacy rate describes the proportion of literate people in the population used to calculate it. It does not identify the literacy status of a particular resident. Applying group-level information as certainty about an individual is a reasoning error.

Related tags

Ecological FallacyLiteracy RatePopulation StatisticsReasoning Errors

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